Infiltration swales are considered an essential and multifunctional component of water-sensitive urban design. To maintain their functionality, a robust planting is required. However, species selection poses a major challenge due to the extreme site conditions. To identify stress-resistant species, container experiments with 60 perennial species native to Germany were used to investigate their performance and responses to multiple stressors typical for urban swales receiving traffic area runoff. As plant performance is more severely affected if multiple stressors occur rather than single ones, test plants were exposed to de-icing salts, cyclic flooding, and drought. Species were selected primarily for their drought tolerance, as it was assumed that their adaption to drought might also be advantageous for the other stressors. The resistance to drought was examined in a reference group and was approved for 90 % of the experimental species. With a low mortality rate of < 25 %, 72.2 % of the species confirmed as drought tolerant also proved robust to the multiple stressors of an infiltration swale and are therefore recommended for use. Considering all experimental species, significant effects of the multiple stressors compared to the reference group were only found in mortality and a visual vitality score. Data on growth height, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phenology (e.g., flowering time) did not differ significantly between the groups. However, there were large species-specific variations to be considered and investigated in further research. The study serves as a basis for a resilient greening of urban infiltration swales with native species. It is essential to their implementation, as more research is needed to date.

中文翻译：

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在多种压力下茁壮成长：耐旱多年生植物的表现及其对渗透洼地的适宜性


渗透洼地被认为是水敏感型城市设计中必不可少的多功能组成部分。为了保持它们的功能，需要健壮的种植。然而，由于极端的场地条件，物种选择构成了重大挑战。为了识别抗逆物种，对 60 种原产于德国的多年生物种进行了容器实验，以研究它们的性能和对接收交通区域径流的城市洼地典型的多种压力源的响应。由于如果出现多个压力源而不是单个压力源，植物性能受到的影响会更严重，因此测试植物会暴露于除冰盐、周期性洪水和干旱中。选择物种主要是因为它们的耐旱性，因为人们认为它们对干旱的适应也可能对其他压力源有利。在参考组中检查了抗旱性，并批准了 90% 的实验物种。凭借 < 25% 的低死亡率，72.2% 的被确认为耐旱的物种也被证明对渗透洼地的多种压力源具有强健性，因此推荐使用。考虑到所有实验物种，与参考组相比，多种压力源的显着影响仅在死亡率和视觉活力评分中发现。生长高度、叶绿素荧光和物候 （例如，开花时间） 的数据在两组之间没有显著差异。然而，在进一步的研究中，需要考虑和调查较大的物种特异性变异。该研究为用本地物种对城市渗透洼地进行弹性绿化奠定了基础。这对它们的实施至关重要，因为迄今为止需要更多的研究。