The surge in population growth, urbanization, and shifts in food consumption patterns have resulted in a rise in the global production of organic waste. This waste material must be repurposed and effectively managed to minimize environmental footprints. The generation of abundant biowaste, especially from marine sources, may have detrimental impacts on the environment and human health if left untreated. In recent years, substantial efforts have been made to valorize seafood waste, contributing significantly to the sustainability of the blue economy through the repurposing of marine discards. Seafood waste can be transformed into different by-products which can be applied as soil amendment to enhance soil quality and health, demonstrating a holistic approach to repurposing and waste utilization. The extraction of bioactive metabolites from these waste materials has opened avenues for developing nanofertilizers. This intersection of waste valorization and nanotechnology is pertinent in the context of sustainable agriculture. While conventional fertilizers improve soil fertility with significant leaching and gaseous losses, the advent of nanofertilizers introduces a paradigm shift with their targeted and controlled delivery mechanisms, rendering them significantly more efficient in resource utilization and mitigation of environmental crises. This review delves into the global issue of seafood waste accumulation, offering an overview of various methods for repurposing. The primary aim of this review is to bring into limelight the recent efforts in developing a portfolio of carbon-based nanofertilizers derived from organic waste, replacing previous valorization methods due to their sustainability, efficiency, and eco-friendliness. There are immense opportunities for future work in this direction by exploring innovative nanoengineering approach owing to the potential of carbon nanofertilizers in enhancing the production of value-added products and reduction of environmental pollution.

中文翻译：

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将海鲜废弃物估价并重新利用为下一代碳纳米肥料


人口增长、城市化和食品消费模式的转变导致全球有机废物产量增加。这些废料必须重新利用并得到有效管理，以最大限度地减少对环境的影响。如果不加以处理，产生的大量生物废物，尤其是来自海洋的生物废物，可能会对环境和人类健康产生不利影响。近年来，人们付出了大量努力来使海鲜垃圾的价值化，通过重新利用海洋垃圾为蓝色经济的可持续性做出了重大贡献。海鲜垃圾可以转化为不同的副产品，作为土壤改良剂，以提高土壤质量和健康，展示了一种全面的再利用和废物利用方法。从这些废料中提取生物活性代谢物为开发纳米肥料开辟了途径。废物价值化和纳米技术的这种交集在可持续农业的背景下是相关的。虽然传统肥料通过显着的淋溶和气体损失来提高土壤肥力，但纳米肥料的出现带来了其靶向和受控输送机制的范式转变，使它们在资源利用和缓解环境危机方面的效率显著提高。这篇评论深入探讨了海鲜垃圾积累的全球问题，概述了各种再利用方法。本综述的主要目的是突出最近在开发源自有机废物的碳基纳米肥料组合方面的努力，由于其可持续性、效率和生态友好性，取代了以前的价值化方法。 由于碳纳米肥料在提高增值产品生产和减少环境污染方面的潜力，通过探索创新的纳米工程方法，未来在这个方向上的工作有巨大的机会。