In this study, we present the first-ever direct measurements of synchrotron-emitting heliospheric traveling shocks, intercepted by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during its close encounters. Given that much of our understanding of powerful astrophysical shocks is derived from synchrotron radiation, these observations by PSP provide an unprecedented opportunity to explore how shocks accelerate relativistic electrons and the conditions under which they emit radiation. The probe’s unparalleled capabilities to measure both electromagnetic fields and energetic particles with high precision in the near-Sun environment has allowed us to directly correlate the distribution of relativistic electrons with the resulting photon emissions. Our findings reveal that strong quasi-parallel shocks emit radiation at significantly higher intensities than quasi-perpendicular shocks due to the efficient acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons. These experimental results are consistent with theory and recent observations of supernova remnant shocks and advance our understanding of shock physics across diverse space environments.

中文翻译：

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在近太阳激波中直接测量同步辐射电子


在这项研究中，我们首次直接测量了同步辐射发射的日球层行进激波，该激波在近距离接触时被帕克太阳探测器 （PSP） 拦截。鉴于我们对强大的天体物理冲击的大部分理解都来自同步辐射，PSP 的这些观测为探索冲击如何加速相对论电子以及它们发射辐射的条件提供了前所未有的机会。该探测器在近太阳环境中高精度测量电磁场和高能粒子的能力无与伦比，使我们能够直接将相对论电子的分布与产生的光子发射相关联。我们的研究结果表明，由于超相对论电子的有效加速，强准平行激波发射的辐射强度明显高于准垂直激波。这些实验结果与超新星残余激波的理论和最新观测结果一致，并促进了我们对不同空间环境中激波物理学的理解。