A "big two" model has shown stronger cross-cultural replicability and links to theory than other contemporary models of personality trait structure. However, its theoretical and measurement models require better specification. We address this to create an initial English-language version of the Cross-Cultural Big Two Inventory with an empirically informed and culturally decentered approach, meaning that input from global contexts is used from the outset, without prioritizing Western perspectives. Four studies are reported: (1) Fifty-five items were identified from commonalities among 11 global lexical studies to define two factors. Communion/Social Self-Regulation captures the internalization of versus resistance to the normative codes of one's society, with components of warmth, morality, respect, industriousness, and even temper. Agency/Dynamism captures approach versus avoidance tendencies, with components of competence, confidence, fearlessness, positive mood, sociability, and surgency. (2) Items were reduced to the 45 most consistent across English-speaking contexts based on (a) frequency of use in World English corpora; (b) familiarity and exploratory factor analysis results among Africa Long Life Study participants, who were 18-year-olds from Namibia, Kenya, and South Africa (N = 2,958); and (c) distribution test statistics, exploratory factor analysis results, and test-retest reliability in online data from 13 diverse English-speaking countries (N = 63,720). (3) The 45-item Cross-Cultural Big Two Inventory was assessed psychometrically and validated against external criteria in the Africa Long Life Study samples and (4) in the online data and additionally compared to existing two-factor frameworks. The relation of the cross-cultural big two to other two-factor models and theories, its future development, and the potential and importance of culturally decentered models and inventories are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

跨文化的两大巨头：人格特质的文化去中心化理论和测量模型。


与其他当代人格特质结构模型相比，“两大”模型显示出更强的跨文化可复制性和与理论的联系。但是，其理论和测量模型需要更好的规范。为了解决这个问题，我们创建了一个初始的英语版本的跨文化两大清单，采用实证知情和文化去中心化的方法，这意味着从一开始就使用了来自全球背景的意见，而不是优先考虑西方的观点。报告了 4 项研究： （1） 从 11 项全球词汇研究的共性中确定了 55 个项目，以确定两个因素。共融/社会自我调节捕捉了对社会规范准则的内化与抵抗，包括温暖、道德、尊重、勤奋，甚至脾气等组成部分。能动性/活力捕捉了接近与回避倾向，包括能力、自信、无畏、积极情绪、社交能力和勇气等组成部分。（2） 根据 （a） 世界英语语料库中的使用频率;（b） 非洲长寿研究参与者的熟悉度和探索性因子分析结果，他们是来自纳米比亚、肯尼亚和南非的 18 岁 （N = 2,958）;（c） 来自 13 个不同英语国家 （N = 63,720） 的在线数据中的分布检验统计量、探索性因子分析结果和重测信度。（3） 对 45 项跨文化两大量表进行了心理测量评估，并根据非洲长寿研究样本中的外部标准进行了验证，以及 （4） 在在线数据中，并与现有的双因素框架进行了比较。 讨论了跨文化大两巨头与其他双因素模型和理论的关系、其未来发展以及文化去中心化模型和清单的潜力和重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。