Diabetes mellitus (DM), a major global health concern, is a chronic metabolic disorder. Bioactive compounds sourced from numerous marine natural products recently have drawn attention as novel therapeutic approaches. Considering these chemicals and their role in cellular redox modulation by involving the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway, the current study attempts to highlight their anti-diabetic effects and the molecular mechanisms involved. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage are linked to most human pathologies specifically DM. The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is a key defense mechanism developed by the cells to combat ROS burst. Marine natural compounds have strong pharmacological potential in triggering cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms by declining oxidative damage and inflammation linked to DM. How marine natural products potentially alleviate DM specifically type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its related issues is especially focused on. The literature was thoroughly analyzed to open a discussion about specific marine compounds and their well-established anti-diabetic effects to elucidate possible therapeutic applications. Furthermore, opportunities and the pros and cons of using these marine bioactive compounds as complementary treatment for DM are also discussed. The diverse characteristics of marine natural products, specifically with regard to redox control, offer promising opportunities for drug discovery and therapeutic interventions in clinical trials.

中文翻译：

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海洋天然产物通过 Nrf2/HO-1 细胞保护途径进行氧化还原调节的抗糖尿病作用


糖尿病 （DM） 是一个主要的全球健康问题，是一种慢性代谢紊乱。来自众多海洋天然产物的生物活性化合物最近作为新的治疗方法引起了人们的关注。考虑到这些化学物质及其通过涉及核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2 （Nrf2）/血红素加氧酶 1 （HO-1） 途径在细胞氧化还原调节中的作用，目前的研究试图强调它们的抗糖尿病作用和所涉及的分子机制。活性氧 （ROS） 介导的氧化应激、炎症和细胞损伤与大多数人类病理有关，特别是 DM。Nrf2/HO-1 通路是细胞为对抗 ROS 爆发而开发的关键防御机制。海洋天然化合物通过减少与 DM 相关的氧化损伤和炎症来触发细胞抗氧化防御机制，具有很强的药理潜力。海洋天然产物如何潜在地缓解 DM，特别是 2 型糖尿病 （T2D） 及其相关问题受到特别关注。对文献进行了彻底分析，以开启关于特定海洋化合物及其公认的抗糖尿病作用的讨论，以阐明可能的治疗应用。此外，还讨论了使用这些海洋生物活性化合物作为 DM 补充治疗的机会和利弊。海洋天然产物的多种特性，特别是在氧化还原控制方面，为临床试验中的药物发现和治疗干预提供了广阔的机会。