SummaryCrop diseases cause significant quality and yield losses to global crop products each year and are heavily controlled by chemicals along with very limited antibiotics composed of small molecules. However, these methods often result in environmental pollution and pest resistance, necessitating the development of new bio‐controlling products to mitigate these hazards. To identify effective antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered as potential sources of future antibiotics, AMPs were screened from five bacterial strains showing antagonism against a representative phytopathogenic fungus (Rhizoctonia Solani) through the Bacillus subtilis expression system, which has been developed for identifying bacterial AMPs by displaying autolysis morphologies. A total of 5000 colonies were screened, and five displaying autolysis morphologies showed antagonism against R. solani. A novel AMP with the strongest antagonism efficiency was determined and tentatively named HR2‐7, which is composed of 24 amino acids with an alpha‐helical structure. HR2‐7 has strong and broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity, tested against 10 g‐positive and ‐negative bacteria and four phytopathogenic fungi by contact culture in plates with minimal lethal concentrations of 4.0 μM. When applied as purified peptide or in fermented B. subtilis culture solution, HR2‐7 showed strong controlling efficiency on plants against diverse fungal and bacterial pathogens. Based on current understanding, HR2‐7 is recognized as the first AMP derived from an agricultural antagonistic bacterium. It exhibits wide‐ranging and notable antimicrobial efficacy, offering a supplementary approach for managing plant diseases, in addition to conventional chemical pesticides and antibiotics.

中文翻译：

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源自伯克霍尔德菌的小抗菌肽对作物病害表现出广谱和高抑制活性


摘要作物病害每年都会给全球农作物产品的质量和产量造成重大损失，并且受到化学品和由小分子组成的非常有限的抗生素的严格控制。然而，这些方法通常会导致环境污染和害虫抗药性，因此需要开发新的生物控制产品来减轻这些危害。为了确定被认为是未来抗生素潜在来源的有效抗菌肽 （AMPs），通过枯草芽孢杆菌表达系统从五种细菌菌株中筛选出 AMPs，该系统已被证明通过显示自溶形态来识别细菌 AMPs。共筛选出 5000 个菌落，其中 5 个显示自溶形态的菌落显示出对 R. solani 的拮抗作用。确定了一种具有最强拮抗效率的新型 AMP，并暂时命名为 HR2-7，它由 24 个具有 α-螺旋结构的氨基酸组成。HR2-7 具有很强的广谱抗菌活性，通过在最低致死浓度为 4.0 μM 的平板中接触培养，对 10 g 阳性和阴性细菌以及 4 种植物病原真菌进行了测试。当作为纯化肽或发酵的枯草芽孢杆菌培养液施用时，HR2-7 对植物显示出对各种真菌和细菌病原体的强控制效率。根据目前的了解，HR2-7 被认为是第一个源自农业拮抗细菌的 AMP。它表现出广泛而显着的抗菌功效，除了传统的化学杀虫剂和抗生素外，还为管理植物病害提供了补充方法。