It remains controversial whether the interaction between a mantle plume and a craton destabilizes or reinforces the craton. The Tarim basin, with a craton core, a Permian Large Igneous Province, and internal deformation, is an ideal place to investigate this interaction. Here, we construct high-resolution S-wave velocity structures down to 15 km in depth using multi-frequency receiver functions from two temporary seismic arrays that largely cover the Tarim Basin. Our results reveal a strong velocity-increasing discontinuity across the basin and several large-scale high-Vs anomalies. The discontinuity is flat at about 3.5 km depth in the majority of eastern Basin but is uplifted and folded to ∼3 km depth around the Bachu Uplift in the central-western basin and depressed to more than 6 km depth in the northwestern and southwestern basin. The high-Vs anomalies, with an average Vs of ∼3.4 km/s, are concentrated under this discontinuity around the Bachu Uplift. Analysis with drilling data, experimental rock-physics data and previous geophysical observations indicates that the discontinuity corresponds to the top of early Permian strata, and the high-Vs anomalies are the magmatic intrusions from the early Permian mantle plume. There is strong deformation around the Bachu Uplift formed during Cenozoic Indian-Eurasian collision, exhibiting a strong spatial correlation with the Permian magmatic intrusions. This suggests that the western Tarim Craton, compared to the east, may be weakened in strength by the Permian mantle plume and exhibits more localized Cenozoic deformation.

中文翻译：

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基于多频接收器函数成像的地幔羽流诱导的非均质塔里木克拉通地壳及其对后期构造演化的影响


地幔羽流和克拉通之间的相互作用是破坏还是加强克拉通，仍然存在争议。塔里木盆地具有克拉通核心、二叠纪大火成岩省和内部变形，是研究这种相互作用的理想场所。在这里，我们使用来自两个临时地震阵列的多频接收器功能构建了深度达 15 公里的高分辨率 S 波速度结构，这两个地震阵列主要覆盖塔里木盆地。我们的结果揭示了整个盆地的强烈速度增加的不连续性和几个大尺度的高 Vs 异常。在东部盆地的大部分地区，不连续性在约 3.5 公里深处是平坦的，但在中西部盆地的巴丘隆起周围被抬升和折叠到大约 3 公里深，在西北部和西南部盆地下降到超过 6 公里的深度。高 Vs 异常，平均 Vs 为 ∼3.4 km/s，集中在 Bachu 隆起周围的这种不连续性下。对钻井数据、实验岩石物理数据和先前地球物理观测的分析表明，不连续性对应于早二叠世地层的顶部，高 Vs 异常是早二叠世地幔羽流的岩浆侵入。新生代印度-欧亚碰撞期间形成的巴丘隆起周围有很强的变形，与二叠纪岩浆侵入体表现出很强的空间相关性。这表明，与东部相比，塔里木克拉通西部的强度可能被二叠纪地幔羽流削弱，并表现出更局部的新生代变形。