Cadmium (Cd) causes significant disruption to plant growth and poses a threat to human health, necessitating urgent and effective measures to mitigate its absorption and translocation in rice. This study employed a co-treatment of carbon dots (PBCDs) with Cd. The potential mechanisms underlying the alleviation of Cd toxicity in rice by PBCDs were investigated by observing changes in photosynthesis, the antioxidant system, and the content of other divalent metals in rice. The results showed that under Cd stress, PBCDs mitigated the interference of Cd in photosynthesis. Notably, treatments with 100 and 250 mg L⁻¹ PBCDs significantly increased the rice fresh weight by 32.45% and 31.54%, and reduced Cd concentrations in rice leaves by 53.82% and 45.81%, respectively. Moreover, PBCDs effectively reduced the shoot-to-leaf translocation factor (TF) of Cd by up to 45.76%, likely due to enhanced Zn concentrations in shoots. Furthermore, PBCDs enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in rice, resulting in decreased levels of MDA induced by Cd stress. In conclusion, PBCDs enhanced rice antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass while mitigating cellular damage and reducing Cd concentrations in various tissues. These findings provide theoretical guidance and data support for the study of novel nanomaterials to promote crop growth under Cd stress conditions and alleviate Cd accumulation in plants.

中文翻译：

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Cd 胁迫下猪垫料衍生碳点 （PBCD） 促进水稻生长并减少水稻中 Cd 的积累


镉 （Cd） 会严重破坏植物生长，对人类健康构成威胁，需要采取紧急有效的措施来减少其在水稻中的吸收和易位。本研究采用了碳点 （PBCD） 与 Cd 的共处理。通过观察水稻中光合作用、抗氧化系统和其他二价金属含量的变化，研究了 PBCDs 减轻水稻中 Cd 毒性的潜在机制。结果表明，在 Cd 胁迫下，PBCDs 减轻了 Cd 对光合作用的干扰。值得注意的是，100 和 250 mg ^L-1 PBCDs 处理显著增加了水稻鲜重 32.45% 和 31.54%，水稻叶片中 Cd 浓度分别降低了 53.82% 和 45.81%。此外，PBCDs 有效地将 Cd 的芽叶易位因子 （TF） 降低了高达 45.76%，这可能是由于芽中 Zn 浓度的增加。此外，PBCDs 增强了水稻中抗氧化酶 （SOD、POD、CAT） 的活性，导致 Cd 胁迫诱导的 MDA 水平降低。总之，PBCDs 增强了水稻抗氧化酶活性、光合效率和生物量，同时减轻了细胞损伤并降低了各种组织中的 Cd 浓度。这些发现为研究新型纳米材料在Cd胁迫条件下促进作物生长和缓解植物体内Cd积累提供了理论指导和数据支持。