Upconversion materials (UCMs) featuring an anti-Stokes type emission establish them as an important category of photoluminescent materials. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are rapidly gaining prominence as a class of versatile materials with favourable physical and chemical properties, including high porosity, controllable pore size, flexible design, and diverse functional sites. To endow MOFs with upconversion capability and improve the properties and performance of UCMs, the hybrids integrating UCMs and MOFs are proven to be successful. This review focuses on the research advancements of upconverting MOF-based hybrids, encompassing classifications, luminescence mechanisms, designs, properties, and applications in energy, catalysis, and biomedical fields. The analyses on the functions of upconversion and MOFs, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various upconverting MOF-based hybrids, are included. Future research directions spanning from properties and performance to applications are explored. This review will be valuable in highlighting the research accomplishments, inspiring more ideas, facilitating deeper investigations in diverse avenues, and further advancing the research field.

中文翻译：

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基于金属-有机框架的光子上转换杂化物


具有反斯托克斯型发射的上转换材料 （UCM） 使其成为光致发光材料的重要类别。金属有机框架 （MOF） 作为一类具有良好物理和化学特性的多功能材料，包括高孔隙率、可控的孔径、灵活的设计和多样化的功能位点，正在迅速受到重视。为了赋予 MOF 上转换能力并提高 UCM 的性能和性能，集成 UCM 和 MOF 的杂交体被证明是成功的。本文重点介绍了基于 MOF 的上转换杂化物的研究进展，包括分类、发光机制、设计、性质以及在能源、催化和生物医学领域的应用。包括对上变频和 MOF 的功能分析，以及各种基于上变频 MOF 的混合体的优缺点。探讨了从性能、性能到应用的未来研究方向。这篇综述对于突出研究成果、激发更多想法、促进不同途径的更深入研究以及进一步推进研究领域具有重要价值。