Gas sensors are pivotal across industries, encompassing environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and healthcare. Recently, a surge in demand for low power gas sensors has emerged, driven by the huge need for applications in portable devices, wireless sensor networks, and the Internet of things (IoT). The practical realization of a densely interconnected sensor network demands gas sensors to have low power consumption for energy-efficient operation. This Perspective offers a comprehensive overview of the progress of low-power sensors for gas and volatile organic compound detection, with a keen focus on the interplay between sensing materials (including metal oxide semiconductors, metal–organic frameworks, and two-dimensional materials), sensor structures, and power consumption. The main gas sensing mechanisms are discussed, and we delve into the mechanisms for achieving low power consumption including material properties and sensor design. Furthermore, typical applications of low power gas sensors are also presented, including wearable technology, food safety, and environmental monitoring. The review will end by discussing some open questions and ongoing needs.

中文翻译：

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低功耗气体传感器：从结构到应用


气体传感器在各个行业中都发挥着关键作用，包括环境监测、工业安全和医疗保健。最近，由于对便携式设备、无线传感器网络和物联网 （IoT） 应用的巨大需求，对低功耗气体传感器的需求激增。密集互连传感器网络的实际实现要求气体传感器具有低功耗以实现节能运行。本《视角》全面概述了用于气体和挥发性有机化合物检测的低功耗传感器的进展，重点关注传感材料（包括金属氧化物半导体、金属有机框架和二维材料）、传感器结构和功耗之间的相互作用。讨论了主要的气体传感机制，并深入研究了实现低功耗的机制，包括材料特性和传感器设计。此外，还介绍了低功耗气体传感器的典型应用，包括可穿戴技术、食品安全和环境监测。审查将以讨论一些未决问题和持续需求结束。