SummarySoybean, a staple crop on a global scale, frequently encounters challenges due to lodging under high planting densities, which results in significant yield losses. Despite extensive research, the fundamental genetic mechanisms governing lodging resistance in soybeans remain elusive. In this study, we identify and characterize the Creeping Stem 1 (CS1) gene, which plays a crucial role in conferring lodging resistance in soybeans. The CS1 gene encodes a HEAT‐repeat protein that modulates hypocotyl gravitropism by regulating amyloplast sedimentation. Functional analysis reveals that the loss of CS1 activity disrupts polar auxin transport, vascular bundle development and the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin, ultimately leading to premature lodging and aberrant root development. Conversely, increasing CS1 expression significantly enhances lodging resistance and improves yield under conditions of high planting density. Our findings shed light on the genetic mechanisms that underlie lodging resistance in soybeans and highlight the potential of CS1 as a valuable target for genetic engineering to improve crop lodging resistance and yield.

中文翻译：

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匍匐茎 1 调节大豆定向生长素运输以抵抗倒伏


摘要大豆是全球范围内的主食作物，由于在高种植密度下倒伏，经常遇到挑战，这导致了严重的产量损失。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但控制大豆抗倒伏的基本遗传机制仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们鉴定并表征了匍匐茎 1 （CS1） 基因，该基因在赋予大豆抗倒伏性方面起着至关重要的作用。CS1 基因编码一种 HEAT 重复序列蛋白，该蛋白通过调节支链淀粉沉降来调节下胚轴向重力。功能分析表明，CS1 活性的丧失会破坏极性生长素转运、维管束发育以及纤维素和木质素的生物合成，最终导致过早倒伏和根发育异常。相反，在高种植密度条件下，增加 CS1 表达可显著增强抗倒伏性并提高产量。我们的研究结果阐明了大豆抗倒伏的遗传机制，并强调了 CS1 作为基因工程提高作物倒伏抗性和产量的宝贵靶标的潜力。