A direct current triboelectric nanogenerator (DC-TENG) utilized the air-breakdown effect to collect triboelectrification charges from dielectric tribo-layers, providing a new type of mechanical energy harvesting mode for TENGs, and demonstrating its high efficiency in the energy conversion process. However, boosting the output performance based on structure designs and material modifications still faces great challenges. Herein, we propose a ternary dual-DC-TENG (TDD-TENG) with a triple synergistic enhancement mechanism. The strategies include space optimization using a multiple-unit structure on a slider by seamlessly arranging a PTFE/PA/electrode to realize maximized space utilization, ternary dielectric material selection by adopting PTFE, PA and PU foam as the tribo-layers with the spontaneously introduced PTFE powder on PU foam to achieve a higher triboelectrification effect and surface lubrication, and a bottom electrode design to collect charges unreached by charge collection electrodes (CCEs) on the slider forming a dual-DC output. Consequently, TDD-TENG achieves an average power density of 18.37 W m⁻², which is the highest in sliding mode DC-TENGs. In addition, the output charge density of the rotary TDD-TENG reaches 7.3 mC m⁻² at an ultra-low speed of 5 rpm. This work provides a new method to improve output power through structure design and material modification for DC-TENGs.

中文翻译：

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通过三重协同增强策略实现直流摩擦纳米发电机的高摩擦带电和电荷收集效率


直流摩擦纳米发电机 （DC-TENG） 利用空气击穿效应从介电摩擦层收集摩擦带电电荷，为 TENG 提供了一种新型的机械能收集模式，并展示了其在能量转换过程中的高效率。然而，基于结构设计和材料改性提高输出性能仍然面临巨大挑战。在此，我们提出了一种具有三重协同增强机制的三元双 DC-TENG （TDD-TENG）。这些策略包括通过在滑块上使用多单元结构进行空间优化，通过无缝布置 PTFE/PA/电极来实现空间利用率的最大化，采用 PTFE、PA 和 PU 泡沫作为摩擦层，并在 PU 泡沫上自发引入 PTFE 粉末来选择三元介电材料，以实现更高的摩擦带电效果和表面润滑， 以及底部电极设计，用于收集滑块上的电荷收集电极 （CCE） 未触及的电荷，形成双直流输出。因此，TDD-TENG 的平均功率密度为 18.37 W m⁻²，这是滑模 DC-TENG 中最高的。此外，在 5 rpm 的超低转速下，旋转 TDD-TENG 的输出电荷密度达到 7.3 ^{mC m-2}。这项工作提供了一种通过结构设计和材料改性来提高 DC-TENG 输出功率的新方法。