This study explored the feasibility of depositing protective coatings with an Sb scavenger function on mine waste rocks derived from the exploitation of stibnite deposits. Encapsulation treatments were performed using ferrous sulfate as the coating precursor. Different Fe/Sb_leachable molar ratios (0.1, 1, and 10) were evaluated using hydrothermal and thermal processes at various temperatures (30, 50, 100, and 150 °C). The environmental characterization of the coated mine waste was established using standard leaching tests. The most effective coatings were analyzed for their mineralogy, chemical composition, and Sb attenuation using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and digestion/extraction processes. Additionally, stability tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of encapsulation under changing environmental conditions. The Fe/Sb_leachable molar ratio was found to be a critical factor in reverting the toxic and hazardous characteristics of mine wastes, with an optimal value of 10. The coatings were primarily composed of Fe oxyhydroxy sulfates/Fe oxyhydroxides and calcium sulfate minerals with a bulk Sb content of approximately 1%. The adsorbed Sb content in the coatings was a small fraction of the total Sb content (< 0.5%), indicating a strong retention. Moreover, such coatings were stable under different pH (3-8) and redox (100 to -100 mV) conditions.

中文翻译：

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在矿山废石上进行涂层开发，作为保护性汇，以减轻锑在环境中的场外迁移


本研究探讨了在开采辉锑矿床衍生的矿山废石上沉积具有 Sb 清除剂功能的保护涂层的可行性。使用硫酸亚铁作为涂层前驱体进行包埋处理。在不同温度（30、50、100 和 150 °C）下，使用水热和热处理评估不同的 Fe/Sb_可浸出摩尔比（0.1、1 和 10）。使用标准浸出测试确定涂层矿山废料的环境特性。使用 X 射线粉末衍射、扫描电子显微镜和消解/提取过程分析最有效的涂层的矿物学、化学成分和 Sb 衰减。此外，还进行了稳定性测试，以评估在不断变化的环境条件下封装的有效性。发现 Fe/Sb_可浸出摩尔比是逆转矿山废弃物毒害特性的关键因素，最优值为 10。涂层主要由 Fe 氧羟基硫酸盐/Fe 羟基氧化物和硫酸钙矿物组成，体积 Sb 含量约为 1%。涂层中吸附的 Sb 含量占总 Sb 含量的一小部分 （< 0.5%），表明具有很强的保留性。此外，此类涂层在不同 pH 值 （3-8） 和氧化还原 （100 至 -100 mV） 条件下保持稳定。