Membranes with advanced and novel functions play important roles in emerging applications ranging from industrial separations, water purification, energy harvesting and storage, healthcare, biomimetic membranes and more. The performance of membranes in these critical applications is fundamentally determined by their interfacial interactions with surrounding ions, molecules, particles, emulsions, and bioactive agents. Amphiphilic copolymers containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments will spontaneously assemble into multiphase and hierarchical structures, providing a general solution for regulating the surface physicochemical properties of membranes used in the aforementioned urgent applications. Controlled synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers and the methods for fabricating membranes from these copolymers with predetermined performance are fundamentally important for their applications. In this work, we first summarize the polymerization techniques for synthesizing amphiphilic copolymers used for membrane materials. We then review the methods for fabricating membranes from amphiphilic copolymers and highlight the urgent applications of advanced functional membranes derived from them. We also discuss some remaining challenges and provide insights into future directions, especially as the circular polymer economy and artificial intelligence are setting new requirements for polymer science. This work offers a comprehensive overview of recent advances in functional materials based on amphiphilic polymers, including the working principles and relationships between polymer structure, processing strategies, and membrane performance, which provides new insights into the development of high-performance and next-generation polymeric membranes through the precise, functionality-driven synthesis of novel amphiphilic copolymers and the controlled fabrication of membranes.

中文翻译：

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基于两亲性共聚物的先进功能膜


具有先进和新颖功能的膜在工业分离、水净化、能量收集和储存、医疗保健、仿生膜等新兴应用中发挥着重要作用。膜在这些关键应用中的性能从根本上取决于它们与周围离子、分子、颗粒、乳液和生物活性剂的界面相互作用。包含疏水性和亲水性链段的两亲性共聚物将自发组装成多相和多级结构，为调节上述紧急应用中使用的膜的表面物理化学性质提供了通用解决方案。两亲性共聚物的受控合成以及用这些共聚物制造具有预定性能的膜的方法对于其应用至关重要。在这项工作中，我们首先总结了合成用于膜材料的两亲性共聚物的聚合技术。然后，我们回顾了用两亲性共聚物制造膜的方法，并强调了由它们衍生的先进功能膜的紧迫应用。我们还讨论了一些仍然存在的挑战，并提供了对未来方向的见解，尤其是在循环聚合物经济和人工智能为聚合物科学提出新要求的情况下。 这项工作全面概述了基于两亲性聚合物的功能材料的最新进展，包括聚合物结构、加工策略和膜性能之间的工作原理和关系，通过精确、功能驱动的新型两亲性共聚物合成和膜的受控制造，为高性能和下一代聚合物膜的开发提供了新的见解。