Hydrolytic nanozymes have emerged as promising candidates for diverse applications across pharmaceuticals, chemicals, environmental remediation, food, and paper industries. Despite their potential, research on hydrolytic nanozymes remains significantly underdeveloped, accounting for only 14.4 % of all nanozyme studies (1256 papers out of 8737). A critical gap exists in understanding the catalytic mechanisms and design strategies of these nanozymes, hindering their theoretical advancement and practical utilization. This review aims to address this gap by systematically organizing and summarizing the catalytic mechanisms of hydrolytic nanozymes, categorized by structural composition and substrate type, along with the design approaches ranging from biomimetic strategies to the cutting-edge data-driven methods, providing theoretical insights to guide the rational design and efficient development of hydrolytic nanozymes. Furthermore, this review offers perspectives on the future prospects and challenges in the field, aiming to inspire further research and innovation in this rapidly advancing area.

中文翻译：

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利用机理见解设计水解纳米酶


水解纳米酶已成为制药、化工、环境修复、食品和造纸行业各种应用的有前途的候选者。尽管具有潜力，但对水解纳米酶的研究仍然明显不足，仅占所有纳米酶研究的 14.4%（8737 篇论文中的 1256 篇）。在理解这些纳米酶的催化机制和设计策略方面存在关键差距，阻碍了它们的理论进步和实际应用。本文旨在通过系统组织和总结水解纳米酶的催化机制（按结构组成和底物类型分类），以及从仿生策略到前沿数据驱动方法的设计方法，来填补这一空白，为指导水解纳米酶的合理设计和高效开发提供理论见解。此外，本综述还对该领域的未来前景和挑战提出了看法，旨在激发这一快速发展领域的进一步研究和创新。