As indispensable energy-storage technology in modern society, batteries play a crucial role in diverse fields of 3C products, electric vehicles, and electrochemical energy storage. However, with the growing demand for future electrochemical energy devices, lithium-ion batteries as an existing advanced battery system face a series of significant challenges, such as time-consuming manual material screening, safety concerns, performance degradation, non-access in the off-grid state, poor environmental adaptability, and pollution from waste batteries. Accordingly, incorporating the characteristics of sapiential life into batteries to construct sapiential systems is one of the most engaging tactics to tackle the above issues. In this review, we introduce the concept of sapiential battery systems and provide a comprehensive overview of their core sapiential features, including materials genomics, non-destructive testing, self-healing, self-sustaining capabilities, temperature adaptation, and degradability, which endow batteries with higher performance and more functions. Moreover, the possible future research directions on sapiential battery systems are deeply discussed. This review aims to offer insights for designing beyond traditional electrochemical energy, meeting broader application scenarios such as ultra-long-endurance electric vehicles, wide-temperature energy storage, space exploration, and wearable electronic devices.

中文翻译：

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智能电池系统：超越传统的电化学能源


电池作为现代社会不可或缺的储能技术，在 3C 产品、电动汽车和电化学储能等各个领域发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，随着未来电化学能源器件的需求不断增长，锂离子电池作为现有的先进电池系统面临着一系列重大挑战，例如耗时的人工材料筛选、安全问题、性能下降、离网状态下无法访问、环境适应性差以及废旧电池污染等。因此，将智能生命的特性融入电池中构建智能系统是解决上述问题最吸引人的策略之一。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了智能电池系统的概念，并全面概述了其核心智能特征，包括材料基因组学、无损检测、自我修复、自我维持能力、温度适应和可降解性，这些赋予了电池更高的性能和更多的功能。此外，深入讨论了智能电池系统未来可能的研究方向。本文旨在为超越传统电化学能源的设计提供见解，满足更广泛的应用场景，如超长续航电动汽车、宽温储能、太空探索和可穿戴电子设备。