AimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with heart failure (HF). However, it is unclear if postoperative AF (POAF) following non‐cardiac surgery differs from non‐surgical AF in terms of the risk of HF. We compared the long‐term rate of incident HF in patients developing new‐onset POAF following non‐cardiac surgery with patients who did not develop POAF following non‐cardiac surgery and patients with non‐surgical non‐valvular AF (NVAF).Methods and resultsUsing Danish nationwide registries, all patients aged ≥30 years who developed POAF following non‐cardiac surgery (1996–2020) were identified and matched in a 1:3 ratio by age, sex, surgery type (only for the surgery group), selected comorbidities, and inclusion year with patients without POAF following non‐cardiac surgery and individuals with NVAF, respectively. A total of 2270 patients with POAF were matched with 6810 patients without POAF following non‐cardiac surgery, and 1846 patients with POAF were matched with 5538 patients with NVAF. The median follow‐up was 7.2 years. Compared with patients without POAF, those with POAF had a higher associated long‐term rate of incident HF (2.6 vs. 1.2 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.06–2.78). Compared with individuals with NVAF, patients with POAF did not have a significantly different rate of incident HF (2.7 vs. 3.0 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.78–1.03).ConclusionPatients with new‐onset POAF following non‐cardiac surgery had a higher associated long‐term rate of incident HF compared to those without POAF, with no significant difference in the rate of incident HF when compared to patients with NVAF.

中文翻译：

---

非心脏手术后心房颤动患者发生心力衰竭的长期风险：来自全国队列的见解


目标心房颤动 （AF） 与心力衰竭 （HF） 有关。然而，目前尚不清楚非心脏手术后的术后 AF （POAF） 在 HF 风险方面是否与非手术 AF 不同。我们比较了非心脏手术后新发 POAF 患者与非心脏手术后未发生 POAF 的患者和非手术非瓣膜性 AF （NVAF） 患者的长期 HF 发生率。方法和结果使用丹麦全国登记处，所有年龄≥30 岁、非心脏手术后发生 POAF 的患者 （1996-2020） 按年龄、性别、手术类型（仅适用于手术组）、选定的合并症和纳入年份以 1：3 的比例进行匹配，分别与非心脏手术后无 POAF 的患者和 NVAF 个体。共有 2270 名 POAF 患者与 6810 名非心脏手术后无 POAF 的患者相匹配，1846 名 POAF 患者与 5538 名 NVAF 患者相匹配。中位随访时间为 7.2 年。与没有 POAF 的患者相比，POAF 患者的相关长期 HF 发生率更高 （2.6 vs. 1.2 事件/100 人年;调整后风险比 [HR] 2.39,95% 置信区间 [CI] 2.06-2.78）。与 NVAF 个体相比，POAF 患者的 HF 发生率没有显著差异 （2.7 vs. 3.0 事件/100 人年;校正 HR 0.89,95% CI 0.78-1.03）。结论与无 POAF 的患者相比，非心脏手术后新发 POAF 患者的相关长期 HF 发生率更高，与 NVAF 患者相比，HF 发生率无显著差异。