PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies have displayed extraordinary clinical efficacy for melanoma, renal, bladder and lung cancer; however, only a minority of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients benefit from these treatments. The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in CRC is limited by the complexities of tumor microenvironment. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy is based on T cell-centered view of tumor immunity. However, the onset and maintenance of T cell responses and the development of long-lasting memory T cells depend on innate immune responses. Acknowledging the pivotal role of innate immunity in anti-tumor immune response, this review encapsulates the employment of combinational therapies those involve PD-1/PD-L1 blockade alongside the activation of innate immunity and explores the underlying cellular mechanisms, aiming to harnessing innate immune responses to induce long-lasting tumor control for CRC patients who received PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.

中文翻译：

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先天免疫激活与 PD-1/PD-L1 阻断联合治疗结直肠癌的细胞机制


PD-1/PD-L1 阻断疗法对黑色素瘤、肾癌、膀胱癌和肺癌显示出非凡的临床疗效;然而，只有少数结直肠癌 （CRC） 患者受益于这些治疗。PD-1/PD-L1 阻断在 CRC 中的疗效受到肿瘤微环境复杂性的限制。PD-1/PD-L1 阻断免疫疗法基于以 T 细胞为中心的肿瘤免疫观。然而，T 细胞反应的发生和维持以及持久记忆 T 细胞的发育取决于先天免疫反应。认识到先天免疫在抗肿瘤免疫反应中的关键作用，本文概括了涉及 PD-1/PD-L1 阻断和先天免疫激活的联合疗法的采用，并探讨了潜在的细胞机制，旨在利用先天免疫反应诱导接受 PD-1/PD-L1 阻断治疗的 CRC 患者的长期肿瘤控制。