Nerve agents are toxic organophosphorus chemicals and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that have been used in terrorist acts. Because they exhibit fatal toxic effects in small amounts, technology is required to detect and identify them early. Research for nerve agent detection using structural simulants of real agents may not function properly for real agents depending on the selectivity of the sensor. For practical sensor applications, experiments were conducted using two toxic nerve agents, sarin and VX, which are used in terrorism and attacks. Herein, human olfactory receptors (ORs) were used as sensing materials with high selectivity and sensitivity to target substances. Through molecular dynamic simulations, the interaction results between ORs and target materials were compared, and an OR combination that could distinguish structurally similar target materials was selected. Four types of OR were combined with a graphene/MoS₂-based n-type field-effect transistor platform to create a bioelectronic nose that showed remarkable sensitivity and a stable basal current to convert the biological signals of the OR with target substances into electrical signals. This study developed a nerve agent detection technology using multiple OR sensing signals, advocating combinatorial pattern recognition, which is the core of the human olfactory mechanism. The bioelectronic nose effectively distinguishes structurally similar nerve agents using pattern signals.

中文翻译：

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生物电子鼻对真实神经毒剂检测的组合模式反应


神经毒剂是有毒的有机磷化学物质和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，已被用于恐怖主义行为。由于它们在少量时表现出致命的毒性作用，因此需要技术来及早检测和识别它们。根据传感器的选择性，使用真实试剂的结构模拟物进行神经毒剂检测的研究可能无法在真实试剂中正常工作。对于实际传感器应用，使用两种有毒神经毒剂沙林和 VX 进行了实验，这两种毒剂用于恐怖主义和袭击。在此，人类嗅觉受体 （ORs） 被用作传感材料，对目标物质具有高选择性和敏感性。通过分子动力学模拟，比较 OR 与目标材料之间的相互作用结果，并选择能够区分结构相似目标材料的 OR 组合。将四种类型的 OR 与基于石墨烯/MoS₂ 的 n 型场效应晶体管平台相结合，创建一个具有显着灵敏度和稳定基础电流的生物电子鼻，将带有目标物质的 OR 的生物信号转换为电信号。本研究开发了一种利用多个 OR 感应信号的神经毒剂检测技术，倡导组合模式识别，这是人类嗅觉机制的核心。生物电子鼻子使用模式信号有效地区分结构相似的神经毒剂。