AimTo analyse whether some selected inflammatory biomarkers collected from venous blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were associated with the outcome of non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Materials and MethodsTwo‐hundred and nine patients affected by periodontitis were enrolled in the study, who had undergone steps I and II therapy as well as a non‐surgical re‐instrumentation (NSRI) of periodontal pockets after 6 months. Serum (SE), plasma (PL) and GCF samples were quantitatively analysed for the following inflammatory biomarkers: active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and surfactant protein D (SP‐D). Therapy outcomes were evaluated using a ‘treat‐to‐target’ endpoint (T2T) at the patient level, defined as ≤ 4 sites with pocket depth ≥ 5 mm.ResultsPatients presented with 23 ± 6 teeth (mean ± SD) at baseline. After steps I and II therapy, 41.6% of the patients reached T2T and after NSRI 47.4%. Univariate analysis identified a potential association between high levels of PL‐SP‐D and more favourable treatment outcomes. Multivariate binary logistic regression adjusted for sex, mean baseline probing depth, diabetes and current smoking status confirmed an independent relationship between baseline PL‐SP‐D and the T2T after steps I and II therapy (aOR 0.432, p = 0.011), implying that a higher level PL‐SP‐D at baseline is associated with a > 50% reduced risk of failing T2T. However, no such association was found for PL‐SP‐D and NSRI.ConclusionHigher baseline PL‐SP‐D levels might be associated with more favourable treatment outcomes after steps I and II therapy. This may be due to its role in the regulation of neutrophil function. However, further investigation is required to confirm this hypothesis. If proven, PL‐SP‐D could play a role as a biomarker for identifying individuals who respond differentially to primary therapy.

中文翻译：

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主动非手术牙周治疗后与终点相关的全身和口服促炎生物标志物水平的研究


目的分析从静脉血和牙龈沟液 （GCF） 中收集的一些选定的炎症生物标志物是否与非手术牙周治疗的结果相关。材料和方法该研究纳入了 209 名受牙周炎影响的患者，他们在 6 个月后接受了第 I 步和第 II 步治疗以及牙周袋的非手术再器械化 （NSRI）。定量分析血清 （SE） 、血浆 （PL） 和 GCF 样品中的以下炎症生物标志物：活性基质金属蛋白酶-8 （aMMP-8）、前列腺素 E2 （PGE2） 和表面活性剂蛋白 D （SP-D）。在患者层面使用“治疗到目标”终点 （T2T） 评估治疗结果，定义为≤ 4 个牙周袋深度≥ 5 mm 的部位。结果患者在基线时有 23 ± 6 颗牙齿 （平均 ± SD）。在第 I 步和第 II 步治疗后，41.6% 的患者达到 T2T，NSRI 后达到 47.4%。单变量分析确定了高水平的 PL-SP-D 与更有利的治疗结果之间的潜在关联。根据性别、平均基线探测深度、糖尿病和当前吸烟状况调整的多变量二元 logistic 回归证实了基线 PL-SP-D 与步骤 I 和 II 治疗后 T2T 之间的独立关系 （aOR 0.432，p = 0.011），这意味着基线时较高水平的 PL-SP-D 与 > 相关 T2T 失败的风险降低 50%。然而，PL-SP-D 和 NSRI 没有发现这种关联。结论较高的基线 PL-SP-D 水平可能与步骤 I 和 II 治疗后更有利的治疗结果相关。这可能是由于它在调节中性粒细胞功能中的作用。然而，需要进一步的调查来证实这一假设。 如果得到证实，PL-SP-D 可以作为生物标志物来识别对主要治疗反应不同的个体。