With the growing attention given to wearable electronic devices, flexible sensors, as a fundamental component, are emerging as the focal point. However, achieving long-term stability and precise sensing underwater remain two significant challenges that urgently need to be addressed for these sensors. By employing a fully hydrophobic structure, this work achieves a significant breakthrough in underwater applications. The hydrophobic design imparts the ionogel with exceptional water resistance, strong wet adhesion, and remarkable stability in underwater environments. These remarkable advantages make ionogels stand out as strain sensors. The ionogels exhibit extraordinary signal sensing abilities. Specifically, they can capture subtle physiological activities of the human body with precision and sensitivity, both in air or underwater. Besides, the satisfactory thermosensitivity (−2.02% °C⁻¹), high resolution (0.1 °C) and fast response (14 s) ensure that the ionogel becomes a qualified temperature sensor. By integrating with a wireless Bluetooth transmission system, the real-time body temperature can be monitored using a smart cellphone. This work demonstrates the great potential of ionogels in marine exploitation and wearable health monitoring.

中文翻译：

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一种坚固耐用的粘性抗溶胀疏水离子凝胶，具有较长的稳定性，适用于应变和温度传感器


随着可穿戴电子设备的日益受到关注，柔性传感器作为基本组件正在成为焦点。然而，实现水下的长期稳定性和精确传感仍然是这些传感器亟需解决的两个重大挑战。通过采用完全疏水结构，这项工作在水下应用中取得了重大突破。疏水设计赋予离子凝胶卓越的防水性、强大的湿附着力和在水下环境中的显着稳定性。这些显著的优势使 ionogels 成为应变传感器的佼佼者。ionogel 表现出非凡的信号传感能力。具体来说，它们可以精确、敏感地捕捉人体在空气中或水下的细微生理活动。此外，令人满意的热灵敏度 （-2.02% °^C-1）、高分辨率 （0.1 °C） 和快速响应 （14 s） 确保电离凝胶成为合格的温度传感器。通过与无线蓝牙传输系统集成，可以使用智能手机监测实时体温。这项工作证明了 ionogels 在海洋开发和可穿戴健康监测方面的巨大潜力。