With the advent of photoredox catalysis, new synthetic paradigms have been established with many novel transformations being achieved. Nevertheless, modern photoredox chemistry has several drawbacks, namely, deficiencies in reaction efficiency and scalability. Furthermore, wavelengths of light in excess of the energy required for a chemical reaction are often used. In this Review, we document recent developments of low-energy light-absorbing catalysts and their cognate photochemical methods, advantageously mitigating off-cycle photochemical reactivity of excited-state species in the reaction mixture and improving batch scalability of photochemical reactions. Finally, developments in red-light photoredox catalysis are leading the next-generation applications to polymer science and biochemistry–chemical biology, enabling catalytic reactions within media composites — including mammalian tissue — that are historically recalcitrant with blue-light photoredox catalysis.

随着光氧化还原催化的出现，新的合成范式已经建立，并实现了许多新颖的转变。然而，现代光氧化还原化学有几个缺点，即反应效率和可扩展性不足。此外，经常使用超过化学反应所需能量的光波长。在这篇综述中，我们记录了低能吸光催化剂及其同源光化学方法的最新发展，有利地减轻了反应混合物中激发态物质的非循环光化学反应性，并提高了光化学反应的批量可扩展性。最后，红光光氧化还原催化的发展正在引领下一代聚合物科学和生物化学-化学生物学的应用，使历史上对蓝光光氧化还原催化顽固的介质复合材料（包括哺乳动物组织）内的催化反应成为可能。