Deaminases, ubiquitous enzymes found in all living organisms from bacteria to humans, serve diverse and crucial functions. Notably, purine and pyrimidine deaminases, while biologically essential for regulating nucleotide pools, exhibit exceptional versatility in biotechnology. This review systematically consolidates current knowledge on deaminases, showcasing their potential uses and relevance in the field of biotechnology. Thus, their transformative impact on pharmaceutical manufacturing is highlighted as catalysts for the synthesis of nucleic acid derivatives. Additionally, the role of deaminases in food bioprocessing and production is also explored, particularly in purine content reduction and caffeine production, showcasing their versatility in this field. The review also delves into most promising biomedical applications including deaminase-based GDEPT and genome and transcriptome editing by deaminase-based systems. All in all, illustrated with practical examples, we underscore the role of purine and pyrimidine deaminases in advancing sustainable and efficient biotechnological practices. Finally, the review highlights future challenges and prospects in deaminase-based biotechnological processes, encompassing both industrial and medical perspectives.

中文翻译：

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嘌呤和嘧啶脱氨酶的生物技术应用


脱氨酶是在从细菌到人类的所有生物体中发现的普遍存在的酶，具有多种重要功能。值得注意的是，嘌呤和嘧啶脱氨酶虽然在生物学上对调节核苷酸库至关重要，但在生物技术中表现出非凡的多功能性。本综述系统地整合了当前关于脱氨酶的知识，展示了它们在生物技术领域的潜在用途和相关性。因此，它们作为核酸衍生物合成的催化剂而对制药的变革性影响被强调。此外，还探讨了脱氨酶在食品生物加工和生产中的作用，特别是在降低嘌呤含量和咖啡因生产方面，展示了它们在该领域的多功能性。本综述还深入探讨了最有前途的生物医学应用，包括基于脱氨酶的 GDEPT 以及基于脱氨酶的系统进行的基因组和转录组编辑。总而言之，通过实际例子说明，我们强调了嘌呤和嘧啶脱氨酶在推进可持续和高效生物技术实践中的作用。最后，本综述强调了基于脱氨酶的生物技术过程的未来挑战和前景，包括工业和医学视角。