Chemical substances such as drugs pose a threat to the environment. One of the substances recorded in soil and water is chlortetracycline, an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. Plants exposed to such xenobiotics show changes in the content of biogenic amines. An analytical technique - ion exchange chromatography is used to assess their content. The occurrence of these active compounds is used to determine the degree of environmental pollution with chemical substances. The study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of chlortetracycline (CTC) at concentrations of 0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2 0.5;1; 2; 3; and 5 mM towards the test organism Lemna minor, and determine the content of biogenic amines in the plant tissues. The content of biogenic amines was analyzed by ion-exchange chromatography with post-column ninhydrin derivatization and photometric detection. The Lemna test proved that increasing concentrations of CTC had a toxic effect on the plants. It was calculated that the Lowest Observed Effects Concentration (LOEC) of CTC at >0.04 mM and >0.05 mM was phytotoxic to L. minor growth and yield. It was determined that the levels of histamine, tyramine, and cadaverine exhibited an increase, reaching 1.04, 1.90, and 3.10 µg g-1 of tissue at 2.00 mM CTC. Simultaneously, spermine and putrescine increased to 1.21 and 3.89 µg g-1 of tissue at concentrations of 0.10 and 0.50 mM of the drug. Conversely, the study revealed an over 88 % reduction in spermidine in plants at 5 mM of CTC. Using ion-exchange chromatography, analysis of biogenic amines, particularly spermidine and cadaverine, highlighted these intra-tissue compounds as sensitive biomarkers for water contamination with the tested drug. This research confirmed that the Lemna test is effective for assessing CTC toxicity and that ion-exchange chromatography is useful for evaluating environmental pollution by this antibiotic.

中文翻译：

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离子交换色谱法评估金霉素环境污染


药物等化学物质对环境构成威胁。土壤和水中记录的物质之一是金霉素，这是一种用于兽医学的抗生素。暴露于此类外源性物质的植物表现出生物胺含量的变化。一种分析技术 - 离子交换色谱法用于评估其含量。这些活性化合物的出现用于确定化学物质对环境的污染程度。该研究旨在评估金霉素 （CTC） 在浓度为 0;0.05;0.1;0.2 0.5;1;2;3;和 5 mM 朝向测试生物体 Lemna minor，并确定植物组织中生物胺的含量。通过离子交换色谱法-柱后茚三酮衍生化和光度检测分析生物胺的含量。Lemna 测试证明，增加 CTC 浓度对植物有毒性作用。据计算，>0.04 mM 和 >0.05 mM 时 CTC 的最低观察效应浓度 （LOEC） 对 L. minor 的生长和产量具有植物毒性。经确定，组胺、酪胺和尸胺的水平呈升高趋势，在 2.00 mM CTC 时达到 1.04、1.90 和 3.10 μg g-1 的组织。同时，在药物浓度为 0.10 和 0.50 mM 时，精胺和腐胺增加到 1.21 和 3.89 μg g-1 组织。相反，该研究显示，在 5 mM CTC 中，植物中的亚精胺减少了 88% 以上。使用离子交换色谱法，对生物胺，特别是亚精胺和尸胺进行分析，突出了这些组织内化合物是受试药物水污染的敏感生物标志物。 这项研究证实，Lemna 测试对评估 CTC 毒性有效，并且离子交换色谱法可用于评估这种抗生素对环境的污染。