How do Indigenous and peasant political paradigms interact? This essay examines the relationship between Indigenous-ontopolitical critiques of development and peasant-oriented demands for alternative development in the Guatemalan defense of territory (DT), an Indigenous-led alliance against extractive development. Drawing on politically-engaged ethnographic and historical fieldwork, I argue that theories that counterpose indigenous ecological values of reciprocity and human-nature relationality to “development” oversimplify Indigenous responses to the multi-dimensional nature of colonization. I describe how Indigenous cosmological critiques coexist with demands for food sovereignty, agrarian struggles, integral development, and even progressive (redistributive) extraction in territorial defense movements. I suggest that the ascendance of post-development critiques in the DT crowds out heterogeneous demands for anticolonial development, limiting the movement’s potential to present a compelling alternative for marginalized communities. I point to a convergence between some kinds of Indigenous ontopolitics and counterinsurgency efforts to repress radical developmentalism and propose holding critiques of and demands for development in creative tension to strengthen counterhegemonic struggles.

中文翻译：

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和平后危地马拉的发展和土著生态政治


土著和农民的政治范式如何相互作用？本文探讨了危地马拉保卫领土 （DT） 中土著本体政治对发展的批评与以农民为导向的替代发展要求之间的关系，危地马拉保卫领土 （DT） 是一个由土著领导的反对采掘性开发的联盟。借鉴政治参与的民族志和历史田野工作，我认为，与互惠和人与自然关系对“发展”的土著生态价值观相抵触的理论过于简化了土著对殖民化的多维性质的反应。我描述了土著宇宙论批判如何与粮食主权、农业斗争、整体发展，甚至领土防御运动中的渐进（再分配）开采需求共存。我认为，后发展批评在 DT 中的主导排挤了对反殖民发展的异质性要求，限制了该运动为边缘化社区提供令人信服的替代方案的潜力。我指出了某些类型的土著本体政治与镇压激进发展主义的反叛乱努力之间的融合，并提议在创造性的紧张关系中对发展进行批评和要求，以加强反霸权斗争。