ObjectiveUnderstanding the development of adolescent reward responsiveness and inhibitory control is important as they are implicated in key outcomes, such as depression. However, relatively few studies have examined the self‐reported experience of this development longitudinally, and past findings have been mixed. Here, we examined the longitudinal development of self‐reported reward responsiveness and inhibitory control in youth, as well as clinical and neural measures as predictors of these longitudinal trajectories.MethodWe assessed 223 youth aged 9–17 across 36 months. We modeled growth trajectories of several measures of reward responsiveness and inhibitory control using multilevel models. We tested reward‐related functional connectivity, depression symptoms, and parental risk for psychopathology as moderators of longitudinal growth.ResultsSelf‐reported inhibitory control increased linearly across adolescence. However, contrary to hypotheses and common models of adolescent development, self‐reported reward responsiveness decreased linearly across adolescence. Baseline functional connectivity and clinical risk measures did not significantly moderate trajectories.ConclusionResults suggest that within‐person changes in the phenomenological experience of reward responsiveness may not match developmental expectations based on cross‐sectional and neuroimaging studies. More attention is needed to the longitudinal study of subjective experience of reward responsiveness.

中文翻译：

---

自我报告的奖励反应性和抑制控制的发展以及临床和神经预测因子的作用


目的了解青少年奖励反应和抑制控制的发展很重要，因为它们与关键结局有关，例如抑郁症。然而，相对较少的研究纵向检查了这种发展的自我报告经历，过去的发现喜忧参半。在这里，我们检查了青年自我报告的奖励反应性和抑制控制的纵向发展，以及作为这些纵向轨迹预测因子的临床和神经测量。方法我们在 36 个月内评估了 223 名 9-17 岁的青少年。我们使用多级模型对奖励反应性和抑制控制的几种测量的生长轨迹进行了建模。我们测试了与奖励相关的功能连接、抑郁症状和父母的精神病理学风险作为纵向生长的调节因素。结果自我报告的抑制控制在整个青春期线性增加。然而，与青少年发展的假设和常见模型相反，自我报告的奖励反应性在整个青春期呈线性下降。基线功能连接和临床风险指标并未显著缓和轨迹。结论结果表明，奖励反应的现象学体验的个体内部变化可能与基于横断面和神经影像学研究的发展预期不匹配。需要更多地关注奖励反应性主观体验的纵向研究。