Fresh water is one of the basic substances on which human society depends for survival and development. With the urgent need to achieve carbon neutrality, novel nanomaterials and environmentally friendly technologies have been explored and continue to drive the sustainable development of energy storage and conversion devices. Natural biomass materials have good photothermal conversion properties and can efficiently absorb sunlight and convert it into thermal energy for seawater evaporation and desalination. The use of natural biomass materials can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption compared to conventional solar desalination technologies. The cost of natural biomass materials is relatively low because they are widely available and renewable. In addition, biomass materials are relatively simple to extract, process and utilize, which reduces equipment maintenance and operating costs. Some natural biomass materials have good weather resistance and stability and can be operated for long periods of time without damage in harsh marine environments. This makes solar desalination systems using these materials more stable and reliable. Nevertheless, there are many problems in the practical application of these materials in desalination. In this paper, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of natural biomass materials in solar seawater desalination, and introduce the research progress in recent years with analysis of their practical applications. In the future, we can further research and develop natural biomass materials with higher efficiency and lower cost to meet the pressure of increasing global demand for fresh water while realizing environmental protection and sustainable development.

中文翻译：

---

基于生物天然复合材料的界面太阳能蒸汽蒸发器


淡水是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基本物质之一。随着实现碳中和的迫切需求，新型纳米材料和环保技术得到了探索，并继续推动储能和转换器件的可持续发展。天然生物质材料具有良好的光热转换性能，可以有效地吸收阳光并将其转化为热能，用于海水蒸发和海水淡化。与传统的太阳能海水淡化技术相比，使用天然生物质材料可以显著提高能源效率并降低能耗。天然生物质材料的成本相对较低，因为它们广泛可用且可再生。此外，生物质材料的提取、加工和利用相对简单，从而降低了设备维护和运营成本。一些天然生物质材料具有良好的耐候性和稳定性，可以在恶劣的海洋环境中长时间运行而不会损坏。这使得使用这些材料的太阳能海水淡化系统更加稳定可靠。然而，这些材料在海水淡化中的实际应用存在许多问题。本文将讨论天然生物质材料在太阳能海水淡化中的优缺点，介绍近年来的研究进展并分析其实际应用。未来，我们可以进一步研究和开发效率更高、成本更低的天然生物质材料，以满足全球对淡水日益增长的需求压力，同时实现环境保护和可持续发展。