Membrane separation technology is a promising choice for treating oily water from industrial and domestic sewage. The elaborate design of pore structure can realize a good trade-off between separation flux and efficiency, thus taking the full advantages of membrane separation. Herein, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) microporous membrane with tunable pore structure was fabricated via a sacrificial template method. Fluoroelastomer (FR), serving as sacrificial template, was incorporated into PCTFE via a solvent-assisted method, forming PCTFE/FR blending films. After removing FR via solvent-dissolving, porous PCTFE membrane was obtained. More important, the gradual increment of FR loading made the morphology of PCTFE/FR blending films realize the transformation from “sea-island” to bicontinuous structure, thus endowing the membranes with tunable pore structure, surface wettability, as well as mechanical properties. Among the candidates, 50FR membranes possessed good flexibility, twist-resistance, as well as excellent creep-resistance and can efficiently separate oil from various water/oil mixtures. The oil (dichloromethane) permeability, separation efficiency, and filtrated oil purity were high up ∼10000 L/(m2⋅h), ∼99 %, and ∼99.92 wt%, respectively. Additionally, although undergoing 25 separation cycles or being immersed into various highly-corrosive liquid (including 1 M HCl, 1 M NaOH, DMF, ethanediamine, and concentrated HNO3) for 7 days, the properties of the membrane changed little. These features suggested a great potential for preparing PCTFE membranes used for oil/water separation in various harsh environment.

中文翻译：

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具有高耐腐蚀性和超快速油/水分离性能的 PCTFE 微孔膜


膜分离技术是处理工业和生活污水中的含油水的一种很有前途的选择。孔结构的精心设计可以实现分离通量和效率之间的良好权衡，从而充分发挥膜分离的优势。在此，通过牺牲模板法制备了具有可调孔结构的聚三氟氯乙烯 （PCTFE） 微孔膜。作为牺牲模板的氟橡胶 （FR） 通过溶剂辅助方法掺入 PCTFE 中，形成 PCTFE/FR 混合膜。通过溶剂溶解去除 FR 后，获得多孔 PCTFE 膜。更重要的是，FR 负载量的逐渐增加使 PCTFE/FR 共混膜的形态实现了从“海岛”到双连续结构的转变，从而赋予膜可调的孔隙结构、表面润湿性以及力学性能。在候选材料中，50FR 膜具有良好的柔韧性、抗扭曲性以及优异的抗蠕变性，可以有效地从各种水/油混合物中分离油。油（二氯甲烷）渗透率、分离效率和滤油纯度分别高达 ∼10000 L/（m2⋅h）、∼99 % 和 ∼99.92 wt%。此外，尽管经历了 25 次分离循环或浸入各种高腐蚀性液体（包括 1 M HCl、1 M NaOH、DMF、乙二胺和浓 HNO3）中 7 天，膜的性质变化不大。这些特点表明，在各种恶劣环境下制备用于油/水分离的 PCTFE 膜具有巨大潜力。