One of the main challenges in applying photocatalysts for water treatment is the complex separation and recycling process. In this study, we developed highly stable, porous zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) immobilized on glass vials using a solvent exchange process (SEP) and hydrothermal calcination. Key parameters, including oleic acid concentration and hydrothermal growth time, were optimized to maximize the active surface area, significantly enhancing photodegradation performance. Under the best conditions, ZnO NRs-coated vials achieved nearly 100% degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in 10 h of simulated solar irradiation. Depositing silver nanoparticles on the surface of ZnO NRs (Ag/ZnO NRs) further improved performance, reducing degradation time to 4 h and increasing photocatalyst stability. The Ag/ZnO NRs-coated vials, optimized with an Ag precursor concentration of 0.05 M, also demonstrated high degradation rates ($>$$>$99%) for eight organic micropollutants at environmentally relevant concentrations over multiple reuse cycles and with minimal metal leaching. This study presents an innovative, tunable method for immobilizing photocatalysts on glass substrates, offering high surface area, excellent photocatalytic activity, and mechanical properties, making it highly suitable for water treatment applications.

中文翻译：

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一种将 Ag/ZnO 纳米棒固定在玻璃衬底上的新方法：在太阳光驱动水中微污染物降解中的应用


将光催化剂应用于水处理的主要挑战之一是复杂的分离和回收过程。在这项研究中，我们开发了使用溶剂交换工艺 （SEP） 和水热煅烧固定在玻璃瓶上的高度稳定、多孔的氧化锌纳米棒 （ZnO NRs）。优化了包括油酸浓度和水热生长时间在内的关键参数，以最大限度地提高活性表面积，显著提高光降解性能。在最佳条件下，ZnO NRs 包被的小瓶在模拟太阳照射 10 h 内实现了近 100% 的磺胺甲噁唑 （SMX） 降解。在 ZnO NRs （Ag/ZnO NRs） 表面沉积银纳米颗粒进一步提高了性能，将降解时间缩短至 4 小时，并提高了光催化剂的稳定性。Ag/ZnO NRs 涂层样品瓶经 Ag 前驱体浓度为 0.05 M 进行优化，也表现出高降解率 （>”> 99%），用于 8 种有机微污染物，在多个再利用周期中以环境相关浓度进行检测，并且金属浸出最少。本研究提出了一种创新的、可调的将光催化剂固定在玻璃基板上的方法，该方法具有高表面积、优异的光催化活性和机械性能，使其非常适合水处理应用。