AimThis study explores contextual factors affecting evidence‐based practice (EBP) adoption among Spanish nurses, examining their interaction with sociodemographic and practice variables to enhance implementation strategies.DesignA national multicenter study employing a cross‐sectional online survey design was conducted with an intentional sample of 934 voluntary Spanish practicing nurses.MethodsParticipants completed the 12‐item Barriers/facilitators dimension of the HS‐EBP instrument, along with sociodemographic, training and practice information relevant to EBP implementation. Psychometric networks have been utilised as a novel analytical approach.ResultsThe HS‐EBP scores confirm validity and reliability for assessing EBP barriers and facilitators among Spanish nurses. Primary barriers include inadequate EBP discussion spaces, lack of guidance, resistance to change, patient apathy, time constraints and support gaps. Key facilitators are higher academic qualifications, EBP training, professional development participation, educational institution employment and student supervision. Focus is needed on rural nurses and those with heavy clinical duties, facing major EBP barriers.ConclusionSpanish nurses encounter organisational barriers to EBP implementation, including insufficient incentives and support. Prioritising hands‐on training, professional development in teaching and research and robust programs can enhance nurses' ability to advance EBP implementation.ImpactThe HS‐EBP questionnaire is reliable in measuring organisational and contextual factors affecting EBP implementation.Implications for the ProfessionSuccessful implementation of evidence‐based practice (EBP) in the Spanish healthcare system depends on developing an appropriate organisational culture and securing support from formal leaders. Additionally, fostering an understanding of the importance of patients and their families among Spanish nurses is crucial for promoting EBP adoption.

中文翻译：

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揭示在西班牙护理中实施循证实践的背景


目的本研究探讨了影响西班牙护士循证实践 （EBP） 采用的背景因素，检查了它们与社会人口学和实践变量的相互作用，以加强实施策略。设计一项采用横断面在线调查设计的全国性多中心研究，对 934 名西班牙自愿执业护士进行了有意抽样。方法参与者完成了 HS-EBP 工具的 12 项障碍/促进因素维度，以及与 EBP 实施相关的社会人口统计学、培训和实践信息。心理测量网络已被用作一种新颖的分析方法。结果HS-EBP 评分证实了评估西班牙护士 EBP 障碍和促进因素的有效性和可靠性。主要障碍包括 EBP 讨论空间不足、缺乏指导、抵制变革、患者冷漠、时间限制和支持差距。主要促进因素是更高的学历、EBP 培训、专业发展参与、教育机构就业和学生监督。需要关注农村护士和那些面临主要 EBP 障碍的临床护士和那些承担繁重临床职责的人。结论西班牙护士在实施 EBP 方面遇到了组织障碍，包括激励和支持不足。优先考虑实践培训、教学和研究的专业发展以及稳健的计划可以提高护士推进 EBP 实施的能力。影响HS-EBP 问卷在衡量影响 EBP 实施的组织和环境因素方面是可靠的。对专业的影响在西班牙医疗保健系统中成功实施循证实践 （EBP） 取决于发展适当的组织文化并获得正式领导者的支持。此外，培养西班牙护士对患者及其家人重要性的理解对于促进 EBP 的采用至关重要。