Specific regions in the cognitive cerebellum are connected to distinct cerebral association networks. Do these cerebellar regions exhibit functional specialization similar to the cerebral cortex? Here, we mapped the cerebellum within intensively studied participants ( N = 15) first using connectivity to estimate regions linked to specific networks and then prospectively testing functional response properties in task data within each individual’s own idiosyncratic anatomy. A large megacluster extending across Crus I/II was consistently found with subregions linked to five higher-order association networks. A more variable smaller association cluster was found in lobule IX. Within the Crus I/II megacluster, specific cerebellar regions responded to domain-flexible cognitive control, while juxtaposed regions differentially responded to language, social, and spatial/episodic task demands. Similarly organized clusters also exist in the caudate consistent with the presence of multiple basal ganglia–cerebellar–cerebral cortical circuits that maintain functional specialization across their entire distributed extents.

中文翻译：

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人类认知小脑的个体内部组织：紧密并列、功能特化区域的证据


认知小脑中的特定区域与不同的大脑关联网络相连。这些小脑区域是否表现出类似于大脑皮层的功能特化？在这里，我们绘制了深入研究参与者 （N = 15） 的小脑，首先使用连接性来估计与特定网络相关的区域，然后前瞻性地测试每个人自己的特殊解剖结构中任务数据中的功能反应特性。一直发现一个跨越 Crus I/II 的大型巨型集群，其子区域与 5 个高阶关联网络相关联。在小叶 IX 中发现了一个变化更大的较小关联簇。在 Crus I/II 大集群中，特定的小脑区域对域灵活的认知控制做出反应，而并列区域对语言、社会和空间/情景任务需求做出不同的反应。尾状核中也存在类似组织的簇，这与多个基底神经节-小脑-大脑皮质回路的存在一致，这些回路在其整个分布范围内保持功能专业化。