The study aims to assess the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on travel and out-of-home activity by analyzing primary data collected from ride-hailing app users in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The data was analyzed using a random effect ordered logistic panel model. The results indicate a complementary relationship between food delivery and eating out. Individuals who frequently use food delivery services are more likely to also engage in eating out activities, and vice versa. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on these behaviors. Eating out experienced a substantial decrease during the pandemic, while food delivery remained stable. The findings highlight that food delivery cannot easily replace the experience of eating out, even under lockdown conditions. Overall, this study provides insights into the dynamics between food delivery and eating out, emphasizing the complexities and limitations of substituting one with the other.

该研究旨在通过分析从印度尼西亚日惹省的叫车应用程序用户那里收集的原始数据，评估信息和通信技术 （ICT） 对旅行和户外活动的影响。使用随机效应有序 logistic 面板模型分析数据。结果表明，送餐和外出就餐之间存在互补关系。经常使用送餐服务的人也更有可能参与外出就餐活动，反之亦然。此外，COVID-19 大流行对这些行为产生了重大影响。在大流行期间，外出就餐大幅减少，而外卖保持稳定。研究结果强调，即使在封锁条件下，送餐也无法轻易取代外出就餐的体验。总体而言，这项研究提供了对送餐和外出就餐之间动态的见解，强调了用另一种代替一种的复杂性和局限性。