Purpose: The relationship between sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors during the transition from adolescence to adulthood remain uncertain. We examined the prospective associations of sedentary time and physical activity at age 15 with cardiometabolic risk markers at age 24.Methods: We used data from the Physical Activity among Norwegian Children Studies (PANCS). Sedentary time, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and vigorous physical activity (VPA) were measured by accelerometry. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, visceral fat, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), systolic blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, insulin, high-sensitivity CRP, and a clustered risk Z-score. The prospective associations were modelled through regression.Results: A total of 731 boys and girls participated at age 9 (2005-2006) and 15 (2011-2012), and 258 of these participated again at age 24 (2019-2021). Multiple imputation was performed for all eligible individuals (n = 708). Each standard deviation increase (min/day) in sedentary time at age 15 was associated with lower VO2max at age 24 (β: -1.6 ml/kg/min; 95%CI: -2.8, -0.5). Each standard deviation increase (min/d) in MVPA (β: 1.6 ml/kg/min; 95%CI: 0.8, 2.4) and VPA (β: 1.6 ml/kg/min; 95%CI: 0.8, 2.4) at age 15 were associated with higher VO2max at age 24. VPA in adolescence was further inversely associated with visceral fat mass (β: -41 g; 95%CI: -78, -3), insulin level (β: -4.3 pmol/L; 95%CI: -8.2, -0.4), and the clustered risk Z-score (β: -0.09; 95%CI: -0.18, -0.01) in young adulthood. Childhood BMI modified the association of both MVPA and VPA with clustered risk, with the greatest magnitude of association observed in the highest BMI tertile.Conclusions: Physical activity, especially of vigorous intensity, during adolescence appear to beneficially affect cardiometabolic health in young adulthood. These health benefits may be most pronounced among overweight/obese youth.

中文翻译：

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青春期身体活动和久坐时间与成年早期心脏代谢风险的前瞻性关联。


目的：从青春期到成年期过渡期间久坐时间、身体活动和心脏代谢危险因素之间的关系仍不确定。我们检查了 15 岁久坐时间和身体活动与 24 岁心脏代谢风险标志物的前瞻性关联.方法：我们使用了挪威儿童身体活动研究 （PANCS） 的数据。通过加速度计测量久坐时间、中度至剧烈体力活动 （MVPA） 和剧烈体力活动 （VPA）。结局包括体重指数 （BMI） 、腰围、内脏脂肪、最大摄氧量 （VO2max） 、收缩压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、胰岛素、高敏 CRP 和聚集风险 Z 评分。通过回归对前瞻性关联进行建模。结果： 共有 731 名男孩和女孩在 9 岁 （2005-2006） 和 15 岁 （2011-2012） 时参加，其中 258 名在 24 岁时 （2019-2021） 再次参加。对所有符合条件的个体 （n = 708） 进行了多重插补。15 岁时久坐时间的每个标准差增加（分钟/天）与 24 岁时较低的 VO2max 相关（β：-1.6 ml/kg/min;95% CI：-2.8，-0.5）。15 岁时 MVPA （β： 1.6 ml/kg/min;95% CI： 0.8， 2.4） 和 VPA （β： 1.6 ml/kg/min;95% CI： 0.8， 2.4） 的每个标准差增加 （min/d） 与 24 岁时较高的 VO2max 相关。青春期 VPA 与内脏脂肪量 （β： -41 g;95% CI： -78， -3）、胰岛素水平 （β： -4.3 pmol/L;95% CI： -8.2， -0.4） 和聚集性风险 Z 评分 （β： -0.09;95% CI： -0.18， -0.01） 进一步负相关。儿童 BMI 改变了 MVPA 和 VPA 与聚集风险的关联，在最高的 BMI 三分位数中观察到最大的关联幅度。结论： 青春期的体育活动，尤其是剧烈强度的体育活动，似乎对成年早期的心脏代谢健康有益。这些健康益处在超重/肥胖的年轻人中最为明显。