Biosensors play key roles in medical research and diagnostics. However, the development of biosensors for new biomolecular targets of interest often involves tedious optimization steps to ensure a high signal response at the analyte concentration of interest. Here we show a modular nanosensor platform that facilitates these steps by offering ways to decouple and independently tune the signal output as well as the response window. Our approach utilizes a dynamic DNA origami nanostructure to engineer a high optical signal response based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. We demonstrate mechanisms to tune the sensor’s response window, specificity and cooperativity as well as highlight the modularity of the proposed platform by extending it to different biomolecular targets including more complex sensing schemes. This versatile nanosensor platform offers a promising starting point for the rapid development of biosensors with tailored properties.

生物传感器在医学研究和诊断中发挥着关键作用。然而，针对新的目标生物分子靶标的生物传感器的开发通常涉及繁琐的优化步骤，以确保在目标分析物浓度下具有高信号响应。在这里，我们展示了一个模块化的纳米传感器平台，该平台通过提供解耦和独立调整信号输出以及响应窗口的方法来促进这些步骤。我们的方法利用动态 DNA 折纸纳米结构来设计基于荧光共振能量转移的高光信号响应。我们展示了调整传感器响应窗口、特异性和协同性的机制，并通过将其扩展到不同的生物分子靶标（包括更复杂的传感方案）来突出所提出的平台的模块化。这种多功能纳米传感器平台为快速开发具有定制特性的生物传感器提供了一个有前途的起点。