DNA computing circuits are favored by researchers because of their high density, high parallelism, and biocompatibility. However, compared with electronic circuits, current DNA circuits have significant errors in understanding the OFF state and logic “0”. Nowadays, DNA circuits only have two input states: logic “0” and logic “1”, where logic “0” also means the OFF state. Corresponding to an electronic circuit, it is more like an on–off switch than a logic circuit. To correct this conceptual confusion, we propose a three-level circuit. The circuit divides the input signal into three cases: “none”, logic “0” and logic “1”. In subsequent experiments, 34 input combinations of the primary AND gate, OR gate as well as secondary AND–OR and OR–AND cascade circuits were successfully implemented to perform the operation, which distinguished the OFF state and logic “0” correctly. Based on this, we successfully implemented a more complex voting operation with only 12 strands. We believe that our redefinition of the OFF state and logic “0” will promote tremendous developments in DNA computing circuits.

中文翻译：

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DNA 逻辑门的改进设计，用于实现基于 DNA 的三电平电路


DNA 计算电路因其高密度、高并行性和生物相容性而受到研究人员的青睐。然而，与电子电路相比，当前的 DNA 电路在理解 OFF 状态和逻辑 “0” 方面存在重大误差。如今，DNA 电路只有两种输入状态：逻辑“0”和逻辑“1”，其中逻辑“0”也表示 OFF 状态。对应于电子电路，它更像是一个开关，而不是一个逻辑电路。为了纠正这种概念上的混淆，我们提出了一个三电平电路。该电路将输入信号分为三种情况：“none”、logic “0” 和logic “1”。在随后的实验中，成功实施了初级 AND 门、OR 门以及次级 AND-OR 和 OR-AND 级联电路的 34 种输入组合来执行该操作，从而正确区分了 OFF 状态和逻辑“0”。基于此，我们成功地实现了一个更复杂的投票操作，只有 12 条链。我们相信，我们对 OFF 状态和逻辑 “0” 的重新定义将促进 DNA 计算电路的巨大发展。