Multifunctional stimuli-responsive photochromic materials have significantly expanded their application fields, including molecular switching, information storage and encryption, detection and sensing, etc. 1,4,5,8-Naphthalenediimides (NDIs) have been widely used for the construction of photochromic materials because of their excellent modification potential and high redox activity. As single organic NDI materials exhibit poor fatigue resistance and relatively simple functions, increasing interest in this field focuses on constructing multifunctional crystalline hybrid photochromic materials and exploring applications based on the electron-deficient features of NDIs. Nevertheless, the development of multifunctional naphthalene diimide-based crystalline hybrid photochromic materials (NCHPMs) remains a significant challenge. This paper summarizes structure design strategies for NCHPMs with different NDI ligands, the photochromic mechanism, applications, and future prospects. This article will provide a valuable reference for researchers studying NCHPMs.

中文翻译：

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萘二酰亚胺基晶体杂化光致变色材料的结构类型、光致变色机理及应用


多功能刺激响应光致变色材料显著拓展了其应用领域，包括分子转换、信息存储和加密、检测和传感等。1,4,5,8-萘二亚胺 （NDI） 因其优异的改性潜力和高氧化还原活性而被广泛用于光致变色材料的构建。由于单一有机 NDI 材料表现出较差的抗疲劳性和相对简单的功能，人们对该领域的兴趣日益浓厚，集中在构建多功能晶体杂化光致变色材料并探索基于 NDI 的缺电子特性的应用。然而，基于多功能萘二酰亚胺的结晶杂化光致变色材料 （NCHPM） 的开发仍然是一个重大挑战。本文总结了具有不同 NDI 配体的 NCHPMs 的结构设计策略、光致变色机制、应用和未来展望。本文将为研究 NCHPMs 的研究人员提供有价值的参考。