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Effects of Obesity and Hyperglycemia on Postprandial Insulin-Mediated and Non–Insulin-Mediated Glucose Disposal
Diabetes Care ( IF 14.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 , DOI: 10.2337/dc24-1280
Bettina Mittendorfer, Bruce W. Patterson, Gordon I. Smith, Mihoko Yoshino, Samuel Klein

OBJECTIVE To evaluate total, insulin-mediated, and non–insulin-mediated glucose disposal (TGD, IMGD, and NIMGD) after ingesting glucose in people with obesity and different glycemic status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We developed and validated a new glucose tracer model in conjunction with an oral glucose tolerance test to determine IMGD, NIMGD, and TGD (sum of IMGD and NIMGD) after glucose ingestion in four groups of people: 1) lean with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 2) obese with insulin resistance and NGT due to hyperinsulinemia (Ob-NGT group), 3) obese with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) due to inadequate hyperinsulinemia (Ob-IGT group), and 4) obese with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes due to marked insulin insufficiency (Ob-T2D group). In addition, we evaluated the effect of intensive lifestyle therapy (ILT) that caused ∼15% weight loss on IMGD and NIMGD in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESULTS IMGD progressively decreased and NIMGD progressively increased from lean to Ob-NGT to Ob-IGT to Ob-T2D. IMGD accounted for about 70%, 65%, 50%, and 20% of TGD, and NIMGD accounted for ∼40%, 35%, 50%, and 80% of TGD in lean, Ob-NGT, Ob-IGT and Ob-T2D, respectively. Although NIMGD was approximately twofold and approximately threefold higher in Ob-IGT and Ob-T2D compared with Ob-NGT, NIMGD only partially compensated for markedly impaired IMGD in the Ob-IGT and Ob-T2D. ILT in people with obesity and T2D increased IMGD and decreased NIMGD. CONCLUSIONS NIMGD is a major mechanism of postprandial TGD in people with insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion.

中文翻译:


肥胖和高血糖对餐后胰岛素介导和非胰岛素介导的葡萄糖处理的影响



目的 评估肥胖和不同血糖状态患者摄入葡萄糖后的总、胰岛素介导和非胰岛素介导的葡萄糖处理量 (TGD、IMGD 和 NIMGD)。研究设计和方法我们开发并验证了一种新的葡萄糖示踪剂模型,结合口服葡萄糖耐量试验来确定四组人群摄入葡萄糖后的 IMGD、NIMGD 和 TGD(IMGD 和 NIMGD 的总和):1) 瘦而葡萄糖耐量 (NGT) 正常,2) 肥胖伴有胰岛素抵抗和因高胰岛素血症引起的 NGT(Ob-NGT 组), 3) 肥胖因胰岛素血症不足而出现胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖耐量受损 (IGT)(Ob-IGT 组),以及 4) 肥胖伴有胰岛素抵抗和由于胰岛素明显不足导致的 2 型糖尿病(Ob-T2D 组)。此外,我们评估了强化生活方式疗法 (ILT) 对肥胖和 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 患者体重减轻约 15% 对 IMGD 和 NIMGD 的影响。结果 IMGD 逐渐降低,NIMGD 从 Lean 到 Ob-NGT 到 Ob-IGT 再到 Ob-T2D 逐渐增加。IMGD 约占 TGD 的 70%、65%、50% 和 20%,NIMGD 分别占瘦肉、Ob-NGT、Ob-IGT 和 Ob-T2D 中 TGD 的 ∼40%、35%、50% 和 80%。尽管与 Ob-NGT 相比,Ob-IGT 和 Ob-T2D 的 NIMGD 大约高出两倍和大约三倍,但 NIMGD 仅部分补偿了 Ob-IGT 和 Ob-T2D 中明显受损的 IMGD。肥胖和 T2D 患者的 ILT 增加了 IMGD 并降低了 NIMGD。结论 NIMGD 是胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌不足人群餐后 TGD 的主要机制。
更新日期:2024-11-05
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