Hospital-associated deconditioning is a broad term, which refers non-specifically to declines in any function of the body secondary to hospitalisation. Older people, particularly those living with frailty, are known to be at greatest risk. It has historically been most commonly used as a term to describe declines in muscle mass and function (i.e. acute sarcopenia). However, declines in physical function do not occur in isolation, and it is recognised that cognitive deconditioning (defined by delayed mental processing as part of a spectrum with fulminant delirium at one end) is commonly encountered by patients in hospital. Whilst the term ‘deconditioning’ is descriptive, it perhaps leads to under-emphasis on the inherent organ dysfunction that is associated, and also implies some ease of reversibility. Whilst deconditioning may be reversible with early intervention strategies, the long-term effects can be devastating. In this article, we summarise the most recent research on this topic including new promising interventions and describe our recommendations for implementation of tools such as the Frailty Care Bundle.

中文翻译：

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医院相关体能失调的新视野：全球身心状况


医院相关性体能失调是一个广义术语，非特指继发于住院后身体任何功能的下降。众所周知，老年人，尤其是那些体弱的人，面临的风险最大。历史上，它最常用作描述肌肉质量和功能下降（即急性肌肉减少症）的术语。然而，身体机能的下降并不是孤立发生的，人们认识到，认知失调（定义为心理处理延迟是一端暴发性谵妄谱系的一部分）在医院患者中很常见。虽然“去适应”一词是描述性的，但它可能导致对相关的固有器官功能障碍的强调不足，并且还意味着某种程度的可逆性。虽然早期干预策略可能会使体能去适应是可逆的，但长期影响可能是毁灭性的。在本文中，我们总结了有关该主题的最新研究，包括新的有前途的干预措施，并描述了我们对实施 Frailty Care Bundle 等工具的建议。