Mitochondria play a pivotal role in maintaining normal physiological functions. Mitochondrial autophagy, namely, mitophagy, is a selective catabolic disposal of impaired mitochondria through an autophagic mechanism during episodes of mitochondrial harm. This selective removal, e.g., mitophagy, is essential for mitochondrial quality control and is closely related to the pathogenesis of many diseases. The abnormal buildup of defective mitochondria in vivo was used as a target to prevent the development of cancer. The mitochondrial autophagy process of disease-related cells is usually accompanied by a decrease in polarity and pH, and the fluorescence sensing effects caused by these two factors are usually contradictory. Here, we propose a reinventing strategy to develop a dual-channel and dual-responsive fluorescent probe HDTVB that is capable of tracking mitochondrial autophagy by monitoring fluctuations in mitochondrial pH and polarity. Based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) moiety and hemicarpine moiety push–pull system with activated near-infrared (NIR) emission and pH-activatable cyclization reaction, HDTVB was able to differentiate tumors from normal sites via polarity- and acidity-triggered structural changes of the probe in the course of mitochondrial autophagy. HDTVB is expected to be applied to clinical diagnosis and tumor excision guided by fluorescence, offering a new route in physiological and biochemical research.

中文翻译：

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聚焦线粒体健康：用于癌症检测和手术指导的开创性荧光工具


线粒体在维持正常的生理功能方面起着关键作用。线粒体自噬，即线粒体自噬，是线粒体损伤发作期间通过自噬机制对受损线粒体进行选择性分解代谢处理。这种选择性去除，例如线粒体自噬，对于线粒体质量控制至关重要，并且与许多疾病的发病机制密切相关。以体内缺陷线粒体的异常积累为靶点，预防癌症的发展。疾病相关细胞的线粒体自噬过程通常伴随着极性和 pH 值的降低，而这两个因素引起的荧光感应效应通常是相互矛盾的。在这里，我们提出了一种重新发明的策略，以开发一种双通道和双响应荧光探针 HDTVB，它能够通过监测线粒体 pH 值和极性的波动来追踪线粒体自噬。基于具有激活的近红外 （NIR） 发射和 pH 激活环化反应的聚集诱导发射 （AIE） 部分和半米卡平部分推拉系统，HDTVB 能够通过线粒体自噬过程中探针的极性和酸度触发的结构变化来区分肿瘤和正常部位。HDTVB 有望应用于荧光引导下的临床诊断和肿瘤切除，为生理生化研究提供一条新的途径。