The aim of this study was to investigate the alleviating effects and mechanisms of bile acids (BA) on corticosterone-induced fatty liver in broiler chickens. Male Arbor Acres chickens were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CON), stress model group (CORT), and BA-treated group (CORT-BA). The CORT-BA group received a diet with 250 mg/kg BA from 21 days of age. From day 36 to 43, both the CORT and CORT-BA groups received subcutaneous injections of corticosterone to simulate chronic stress. The results indicated that BA significantly mitigated the body weight loss, liver enlargement, and hepatic lipid deposition caused by corticosterone (P < 0.05). Liver RNA-seq analysis showed that BA alleviated corticosterone-induced fatty liver by inhibiting lipid metabolism pathways, including fatty acid biosynthesis, triglyceride biosynthesis, and fatty acid transport. Additionally, BA improved corticosterone-induced downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression (P < 0.05). Molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assays revealed that hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), a major component of compound bile acids, could bind to GR and enhance its stability. In conclusion, BA alleviated corticosterone-induced fatty liver in broilers by inhibiting lipid synthesis pathways and mitigating the suppression of hepatic GR expression.

中文翻译：

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日粮胆汁酸可缓解皮质酮诱导的肉鸡脂肪肝和肝脏糖皮质激素受体抑制


本研究旨在探讨胆汁酸 （BA） 对肉鸡皮质酮诱导的脂肪肝的缓解作用和机制。将雄性 Arbor Acres 鸡随机分为 3 组：对照组 （CON）、应激模型组 （CORT） 和 BA 处理组 （CORT-BA）。CORT-BA 组从 21 日龄开始接受 250 mg/kg BA 的饮食。从第 36 天到第 43 天，CORT 和 CORT-BA 组都接受皮质酮皮下注射以模拟慢性应激。结果显示，BA 可显著减轻皮质酮引起的体重减轻、肝脏肿大和肝脂质沉积 （P < 0.05）。肝脏 RNA-seq 分析显示，BA 通过抑制脂质代谢途径（包括脂肪酸生物合成、甘油三酯生物合成和脂肪酸转运）来缓解皮质酮诱导的脂肪肝。此外，BA 改善了皮质酮诱导的糖皮质激素受体 （GR） 表达下调 （P < 0.05）。分子对接和细胞热转移实验显示，猪去氧胆酸 （HDCA） 是化合物胆汁酸的主要成分，可与 GR 结合并增强其稳定性。总之，BA 通过抑制脂质合成途径和减轻肝脏 GR 表达的抑制，减轻了皮质酮诱导的肉鸡脂肪肝。