There are two key paradigms for nonequilibrium dynamics: on the one hand, aging toward an equilibrium state that cannot be reached on reasonable timescales; on the other, external driving that can lead to nonequilibrium steady states. We explore how these two mechanisms interact by studying the behavior of trap models, which are paradigmatic descriptions of slow glassy dynamics, when driven by trajectory bias toward high or low activity. To diagnose whether the driven systems continue to age, we establish a framework for mapping the biased dynamics to a Markovian time evolution with time-dependent transition rates. We find that the original aging dynamics reacts in two qualitatively distinct ways to the driving: it can be destroyed by the driving of any nonzero strength (“fragile” aging), whereby the dynamics either reaches an active steady state or effectively freezes, or it can persist within a finite range of driving strengths around the undriven case (“robust” aging). This classification into fragile and robust aging could form the basis for distinguishing different universality classes of aging dynamics.

中文翻译：

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将两种非平衡范式结合在一起：驱动玻璃系统中的脆性老化与稳健老化


非平衡动力学有两个关键范式：一方面，老化到在合理时间尺度上无法达到的平衡状态;另一方面，可能导致非平衡稳态的外部驱动。我们通过研究陷阱模型的行为来探索这两种机制如何相互作用，当由偏向高或低活动的轨迹驱动时，陷阱模型是慢玻璃动力学的范式描述。为了诊断驱动系统是否继续老化，我们建立了一个框架，用于将偏置动力学映射到具有时间依赖性转换率的马尔可夫时间演化。我们发现，原始的老化动力学以两种截然不同的定性方式对驾驶做出反应：它可以被任何非零强度的驱动所破坏（“脆弱”老化），从而动力学要么达到活跃的稳定状态或有效地冻结，要么它可以在无驱动的情况下（“稳健”老化）周围持续在有限的驱动强度范围内。这种对脆弱性和稳健性老化的分类可以构成区分衰老动力学的不同普遍性类别的基础。