To what extent do national governments protect the human rights of migrants, and what are the political and economic circumstances associated with more robust protection? To address these questions, we leverage a rigorous, novel database of migrant rights derived from international laws and standards. We evaluate the extent to which 64 indicators—divided into 17 different categories of migrant rights—appear in national statute and case law in 45 of the world's principal destination states. We find that 61% of the indicators of migrant rights in the Migrant Rights Database, derived from the international human rights baseline, are reflected in the letter of national law—nearly two out of every three. However, we also find that national authorities implement these de jure protections 71% of the time. Taken together, about 44% of migrant rights are both protected and implemented in the countries examined. In a correlational analysis, we find that governments tend to protect more rights when their countries are more democratic, maintain more independent judiciaries, protect more rights in their constitutions, ratify more human rights treaties, permit stronger civil society, and are characterized by more political stability. There is also a weak trade-off between de jure migrant rights protections and the number of migrants a country admits.

中文翻译：

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移民权利保护及其在 45 个国家的实施


各国政府在多大程度上保护移民的人权，与更有力的保护相关的政治和经济环境是什么？为了回答这些问题，我们利用了源自国际法和标准的严格、新颖的移民权利数据库。我们评估了 64 项指标（分为 17 个不同类别的移民权利）在全球 45 个主要目的地国的国家法规和判例法中出现的程度。我们发现，移民权利数据库中 61% 的移民权利指标来自国际人权基线，反映在国家法律的文字中——近三分之一就有两个。然而，我们还发现，国家当局实施这些法律保护的概率为 71%。总的来说，大约 44% 的移民权利在所研究的国家得到保护和实施。在相关分析中，我们发现，当他们的国家更加民主、维护更独立的司法机构、在宪法中保护更多权利、批准更多的人权条约、允许更强大的公民社会并且具有更稳定的政治特点时，政府往往会保护更多的权利。在法律上的移民权利保护和一个国家接纳的移民数量之间也存在微弱的权衡。