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Effect of KNO3‐Priming on Agronomic, Physicochemical and Fibre Attributes of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Under Saline Conditions
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 , DOI: 10.1111/jac.12779
Ghulam Abbas Narejo, Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar, Sanaullah Yasin, Rafat Saeed

Salinity stress presents a challenging dilemma for plant growth and development. It disrupts cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield through an immediate osmotic and a slower ionic phase, ultimately diminishing its fibre quality. Seed priming, a low‐cost seed pre‐treatment, mitigates these effects by triggering prior metabolic processes and subsequent gene expression. This pioneering work aimed to improve agronomic, physicochemical parameters and fibre characteristics in cotton genotypes (GH‐Baghdadi and GH‐Mubarak) by potassium nitrate (KNO3) mediated osmopriming (1.25% and 1.5% conc.) for 15, 20 and 25 h, along with an un‐primed control under saline field conditions. The randomised complete block design experiment in triplicate was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at the soil with electrical conductivity (extract) (ECe) 9.44 dS m−1 to investigate optimal priming media and priming duration. The results showed that salinity impaired physicochemical and agronomic parameters in the control experiment. However, seed priming with 1.5% KNO3 for 20 h significantly improved the yield and yield contributing components in both genotypes. Maximum values for chlorophyll (Chl) a and b were recorded at 1.50 and 0.90 mg g−1 fresh weight (FW), respectively, under this treatment. Similarly, the chlorophyll‐a fluorescence parameters (Chl‐a FPs), such as the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm ) (0.83), effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) (0.76) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) (0.85), indicated improved light harvesting, electron transport and photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) increased to 19.65 mmol CO2 m−2 s−1, while stomatal conductance (gs) reached 28.39 mmol CO2 m−2 s−1 at the same treatment. A strongly positive correlation was found between chl‐a FPs and net photosynthetic yield. Enzymatic activities, including catalase (CAT) at 2.17 unit mg−1, superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 1.05 unit mg−1 and peroxidase (POD) at 1.50 unit mg−1 were significantly enhanced, along with leaf potassium (K) (14.3 mg g−1 dry weight [DW]) and calcium (Ca) (6.7 mg g−1 DW), particularly in GH‐Mubarak. Seed‐cotton yield (SCY) increased to 5274 kg h−1 and fibre strength (FS) improved to 31.3 thousand pounds per square inch (tppsi), while ginning out‐turn (GOT) reached a maximum of 45% at 1.5% KNO3 for 20 h in both genotypes. The micronaire value (4 μg in.−2) significantly decreased, indicating improved fibre fineness. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between physicochemical and agronomic traits, particularly gas exchange characteristics, chlorophyll content and Chl‐a FPs, which are strongly associated with SCY and fibre characteristics. In conclusion, priming cotton seeds with 1.5% KNO3 for 20 h is a promising strategy for mitigating salinity stress and enhancing physicochemical attributes and agronomic traits, ultimately leading to improved cotton yield and fibre quality.

中文翻译:


KNO3 引发对棉花 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 的农艺、理化和纤维特性的影响在盐水条件下



盐胁迫为植物的生长和发育带来了一个具有挑战性的困境。它通过即时渗透和较慢的离子相破坏棉花 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 的产量,最终降低其纤维质量。种子引发是一种低成本的种子预处理,通过触发先前的代谢过程和随后的基因表达来减轻这些影响。这项开创性的工作旨在通过硝酸钾 (KNO3) 介导的渗透引发 (1.25% 和 1.5% 浓度) 15、20 和 25 小时以及盐田条件下的未引发控制来改善棉花基因型 (GH-Baghdadi 和 GH-Mubarak) 的农艺、物理化学参数和纤维特性。2019 年和 2020 年在电导率(提取物)(ECe) 为 9.44 dS m-1 的土壤中进行了一式三份的随机完整区组设计实验,以研究最佳引发介质和引发持续时间。结果表明,盐度在对照实验中损害了理化和农艺参数。然而,用 1.5% KNO3 引发种子 20 小时显着提高了两种基因型的产量和产量贡献成分。在这种处理下,叶绿素 (Chl) a 和 b 的最大值分别记录在 1.50 和 0.90 mg g-1 鲜重 (FW) 处。同样,叶绿素 a 荧光参数 (Chl-a FPs),例如光系统 II 的最大量子产率 (Fv/Fm) (0.83)、PSII 的有效量子产率 (ΦPSII) (0.76) 和光化学猝灭系数 (qP) (0.85),表明光捕获、电子传输和光合作用能力得到改善。此外,在同一处理下,净光合速率 (Pn) 增加到 19.65 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1,而气孔导度 (gs) 达到 28.39 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1。 发现 chl-a FPs 与净光合产量之间存在很强的正相关关系。酶活性,包括 2.17 单位 mg-1 的过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、1.05 单位 mg-1 的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和 1.50 单位 mg-1 的过氧化物酶 (POD),以及叶钾 (K)(14.3 mg g-1 干重 [DW])和钙 (Ca)(6.7 mg g-1 DW),特别是在 GH-Mubarak 中。种子棉产量 (SCY) 增加到 5274 公斤 h-1,纤维强度 (FS) 提高到 31300 磅/平方英寸 (tppsi),而轧花产量 (GOT) 在 1.5% KNO3 下达到最高 45%,在两种基因型中持续 20 小时。马克隆值 (4 μg in.-2) 显着降低,表明纤维细度提高。相关性分析显示,理化和农艺性状之间呈强正相关,特别是气体交换特性、叶绿素含量和 Chl-a FPs,它们与 SCY 和纤维特性密切相关。总之,用 1.5% KNO3 引发棉花种子 20 小时是减轻盐胁迫、增强理化属性和农艺性状的一种很有前途的策略,最终导致棉花产量和纤维质量的提高。
更新日期:2024-11-04
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