Parkinson disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder globally and poses substantial management challenges owing to progressive disability, emergence of levodopa-resistant symptoms, and treatment-related complications. In this Review, we examine the current state of research into PD therapies and outline future priorities for advancing our understanding and treatment of the disease. We identify two main research priorities for the coming years: first, slowing the progression of the disease through the integration of sensitive biomarkers and targeted biological therapies, and second, enhancing existing symptomatic treatments, encompassing surgical and infusion therapies, with the goal of postponing complications and improving long-term patient management. The path towards disease modification is impeded by the multifaceted pathophysiology and diverse mechanisms underlying PD. Ongoing studies are directed at α-synuclein aggregation, complemented by efforts to address specific pathways associated with the less common genetic forms of the disease. The success of these efforts relies on establishing robust end points, incorporating technology, and identifying reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and continuous monitoring of disease progression. In the context of symptomatic treatment, the focus should shift towards refining existing approaches and fostering the development of novel therapeutic strategies that target levodopa-resistant symptoms and clinical manifestations that substantially impair quality of life.

帕金森病 （PD） 是全球增长最快的神经系统疾病，由于进行性残疾、出现左旋多巴耐药症状和治疗相关并发症，带来了巨大的管理挑战。在本综述中，我们研究了 PD 疗法的研究现状，并概述了促进我们对该疾病的理解和治疗的未来优先事项。我们确定了未来几年的两个主要研究重点：首先，通过整合敏感生物标志物和靶向生物疗法来减缓疾病的进展，其次，加强现有的对症治疗，包括手术和输液疗法，以推迟并发症和改善长期患者管理。PD 的多方面病理生理学和多种机制阻碍了疾病改变的道路。正在进行的研究针对α突触核蛋白聚集，并辅以解决与不太常见的疾病遗传形式相关的特定途径的努力。这些努力的成功取决于建立稳健的终点、整合技术以及确定可靠的生物标志物，用于早期诊断和持续监测疾病进展。在对症治疗方面，重点应转向改进现有方法，并促进开发针对严重损害生活质量的左旋多巴耐药症状和临床表现的新型治疗策略。