Pesticides are primarily used in agriculture to protect crops and extend their longevity. However, pesticide exposure has been linked to various acute and chronic health effects, raising significant environmental concerns. Current detection methods are often expensive and time-consuming, relying on complex instruments. Although enzyme-inhibition-based microfluidic paper-based analytical device (mPAD) platforms offer an easier alternative, they suffer from slow analyte transport and analyte adsorption issues in microchannels. Consequently, there is a need for a fast, simple, and cost-effective point-of-need platform for pesticide sensing. In this study, we present a rapid microfluidic platform for on-site pesticide residue detection. Unlike traditional mPAD platforms, our system transports pesticide samples through hollow capillary channels within seconds without adsorption of pesticides in the microchannels. While much research has focused on acetylcholinesterase inhibition on paper, this study is the first to introduce a tyrosinase inhibition-based assay on a paper platform for pesticide detection. Ziram, a representative dithiocarbamate pesticide, was detected using a colorimetric enzymatic inhibition assay. A limit of detection (LoD) of 1.5 ppm was obtained. In this study, we optimized the fast-flow device, assessed its stability and susceptibility to various interferences, and conducted real-sample tests using glove extraction to evaluate its capability in real-world settings. Spike recovery analysis revealed an extraction efficiency of 82.5% to 87.5% for leather gloves and 68.9% to 71.9% for nitrile gloves. This platform demonstrates strong selectivity against interferences, with the enzyme retaining 90% activity even after a week under the established storage protocols with room for further investigation. While primarily a proof of concept, this device shows promise as an additional tool for pesticide detection, with potential future integration into multiplexed devices.

中文翻译：

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基于酪氨酸酶的毛细管流驱动微流体传感器，用于快速、用户友好的农药暴露评估


杀虫剂主要用于农业以保护农作物并延长其寿命。然而，农药暴露与各种急性和慢性健康影响有关，引发了严重的环境问题。目前的检测方法通常昂贵且耗时，并且依赖于复杂的仪器。尽管基于酶抑制的微流体纸基分析设备 （mPAD） 平台提供了一种更简单的替代方案，但它们存在分析物运输缓慢和微通道中的分析物吸附问题。因此，需要一个快速、简单且经济高效的农药传感需求点平台。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种用于现场农药残留检测的快速微流控平台。与传统的 mPAD 平台不同，我们的系统可在几秒钟内通过空心毛细管通道运输农药样品，而不会在微通道中吸附农药。虽然许多研究都集中在纸上乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制上，但这项研究是首次在纸上平台引入基于酪氨酸酶抑制的农药检测方法。Ziram 是一种具有代表性的二硫代氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂，使用比色酶抑制法检测。检测限 （LoD） 为 1.5 ppm。在这项研究中，我们优化了快速流动装置，评估了其稳定性和对各种干扰的敏感性，并使用手套提取进行了真实样本测试，以评估其在实际环境中的能力。加标回收分析显示，皮手套的提取效率为 82.5% 至 87.5%，丁腈手套的提取效率为 68.9% 至 71.9%。 该平台对干扰具有很强的选择性，在既定的储存方案下，即使在一周后，酶仍能保持 90% 的活性，还有进一步研究的空间。虽然该设备主要是一种概念验证，但有望成为农药检测的附加工具，未来有可能集成到多路复用设备中。