Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) offer notable benefits in harnessing diverse low-grade waste heat from the environment. However, the uninterrupted capture of these energy resources still remains a huge challenge. Herein, we have developed a temperature-adaptive floating thermoelectric generator (TAFTEG) by integrating a temperature-adaptive absorber/emitter (TAA/E) to synergistically exploit renewable energy from the sun, outer space, and the water bodies by leveraging diurnal spectrally selective absorption and nocturnal radiative cooling. The WxV1-xO2-based TAA/E demonstrates remarkably solar absorption of ∼96 % and a superior switching ability of dynamic thermal radiation modulation from the low emission of ∼45 % to high emission of ∼81 %. Assembled with 8 pairs of Bi2Te3-based TEG legs, the TAFTEG enables a stable temperature difference of 34°C under indoor solar irradiation (1 kW m−2), yielding a peak power output of ∼1.0 mW cm−2, and continuous all-day power supply under both clear and overcast conditions. This strategy paves a new avenue toward the round-the-clock power supply from ambient environments.

中文翻译：

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用于全天供电的高性能浮动热电发电机


热电发电机 （TEG） 在利用环境中的各种低品位废热方面具有显着优势。然而，不间断地捕获这些能源资源仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在此，我们开发了一种温度自适应浮动热电发电机 （TAFTEG），通过集成温度自适应吸收器/发射器 （TAA/E），通过利用昼夜光谱选择性吸收和夜间辐射冷却，协同开发来自太阳、外太空和水体的可再生能源。基于 WxV1-xO2 的 TAA/E 表现出显著的 ∼96% 的太阳能吸收率和卓越的动态热辐射调制切换能力，从 ∼45% 的低发射到 ∼81% 的高发射。TAFTEG 由 8 对基于 Bi2Te3 的 TEG 支脚组装而成，在室内太阳照射下可实现 34°C 的稳定温差 （1 kW m-2），产生 ∼1.0 mW cm-2 的峰值功率输出，并在晴天和阴天条件下连续全天供电。这一策略为实现周围环境的全天候供电铺平了一条新途径。