Background

Fungal traits such as host specificity and hydrophobicity of ectomycorrhizae may correspond to functional attributes including enzymatic capabilities, carbon (C) demand from host plants, temporal patterns of fruiting, C sequestration, and nitrogen (N) sequestration. Here, we assessed how these traits influenced the timing of C dynamics and fungal processing of C and N, as integrated by patterns of δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, %N, and timing of ectomycorrhizal sporocarp production.

Methods

We linked these sporocarp patterns to ectomycorrhizal hydrophobicity, host specificity, and daily gross primary production (GPP) across seven N fertilization treatments in two Swedish Pinus sylvestris forests.

Results

GPP of eight and 7–10 days prior to collection correlated positively with δ¹³C and negatively with %N, respectively, for ~ 80% of sporocarps, reflecting transit times of peak delivery of plant-derived carbohydrates to sporocarp formation. Hydrophobic taxa fruited 7–10 days later than hydrophilic taxa and conifer-specific sporocarps averaged four days later than generalists. Hydrophobic taxa and conifer-specific taxa were higher in δ¹⁵N than hydrophilic taxa and generalist-associated taxa.

Conclusions

Higher δ¹⁵N and later sporocarp collections suggested greater C demands for hydrophobic and conifer-specific taxa than for hydrophilic and generalist taxa. C accumulation times and high sequestration (hydrophobic taxa, host-specific taxa) versus low sequestration (hydrophilic taxa, generalist taxa) of ¹⁵N-depleted chitin and ¹³C-enriched carbohydrates in mycelia could account for late fruiting, ¹⁵N enrichment, and ¹³C depletion of hydrophobic taxa. We conclude that sporocarp production, hydrophobicity, and host specificity integrated functional information about belowground hyphal development and C accumulation times of C transfers from host Pinus.

中文翻译：

---

外生菌根疏水性和寄主关联影响松树下氮添加试验中外生菌根 C 动态、氮动态和结果模式

 背景

真菌性状，如宿主特异性和外生菌根的疏水性，可能与功能属性相对应，包括酶能力、寄主植物对碳 （C） 的需求、结果的时间模式、C 封存和氮 （N） 封存。在这里，我们评估了这些性状如何影响 C 动力学的时间以及 C 和 N 的真菌加工，如 δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N、%N 和外生菌根孢子果皮产生时间。

 方法

我们将这些子实体型与两个瑞典樟子松林中 7 次氮肥处理的外生菌根疏水性、宿主特异性和日总初级生产力 （GPP） 联系起来。

 结果

对于~80%的子实体，采集前8天和7-10天的GPP分别与δ¹³C呈正相关，与%N呈负相关，反映了植物来源的碳水化合物向子实体形成的高峰输送的运输时间。疏水性类群比亲水性类群晚 7-10 天结果，针叶树特异性孢子果皮平均比通才晚 4 天。疏水类群和针叶树特异类群在 δ¹⁵N 中高于亲水类群和多才多艺相关类群。

 结论

较高的^{δ 15}N 及更晚的孢子果皮收集表明疏水和针叶树特异性分类群对 C 的需求高于亲水和通才类群。菌丝体中 ¹⁵种耗尽 N 的几丁质和 ¹³种富含 C 的碳水化合物的 C 积累时间和高螯合（疏水分类群、宿主特异性分类群）与低螯合（亲水分类群、多面手分类群）可以解释疏水分类群的延迟结果、¹⁵N 富集和 ¹³C 消耗。我们得出结论，子实体的产生、疏水性和宿主特异性整合了有关地下菌丝发育和 C 从宿主松树转移的 C 积累时间的功能信息。