The Kashmir “seismic gap” in NW Himalaya is marked by hinterland-to-foreland reduction in GPS-geodetic arc-normal convergence-velocity and increase in horizontal strain-rate, associated with occurrence of moderate-to-small earthquakes. We analyze continuous waveforms from Jammu and Kashmir seismological network (2015–2017) to detect and preliminarily locate 1064 events, followed by probabilistic non-linear relocation of 360 well-located local earthquakes, with magnitudes 0.6–4.7 and hypocentral depths 0–60 km. Hypocenters shallower than 20 km lie on or above the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT), clustered beneath the Kishtwar Higher-Himalaya. Hinterlandward dipping seismicity-clusters coincide with a MHT mid-crustal frontal ramp, marking a $\sim$50 km wide locked-to-creep transition. The frictionally-locked up-dip MHT segment is $\sim$100 km wide, capable of hosting a $M_w\sim$ 8.4 earthquake, if ruptured completely. Clustered seismicity SW of the Kishtwar Window and to its east illuminate MHT lateral-ramps, which may limit the rupture width and/or modulate the rupture propagation. Entirely seismogenic underthrust Indian-crust poses additional hazard from large earthquakes within it.

中文翻译：

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喜马拉雅山西北下方喜马拉雅山主要推力上锁定的正面和横向斜坡被精确定位的地震活动照亮


喜马拉雅山西北部的克什米尔“地震间隙”的特点是 GPS-大地弧法线收敛速度从腹地到前陆的减少和水平应变率的增加，这与中度到小地震的发生有关。我们分析了来自查谟和克什米尔地震网络 （2015-2017） 的连续波形，以检测和初步定位 1064 个事件，然后对 360 个位置良好的局部地震进行概率非线性重新定位，震级为 0.6-4.7，震级为 0-60 公里。浅于 20 公里的震源位于喜马拉雅主冲力 （MHT） 上或上方，聚集在 Kishtwar 高喜马拉雅山下方。向腹地倾斜的地震群与 MHT 中地壳锋面斜坡相吻合，标志着 $\sim$50 公里宽的锁定到蠕变过渡。摩擦锁定的上倾式 MHT 段宽 $\sim$100 公里，如果完全破裂，能够承受 $M_w\sim$ 8.4 地震。Kishtwar 窗口西南及其东侧的簇状地震活动照亮了 MHT 横向斜坡，这可能会限制破裂宽度和/或调节破裂传播。完全由地震作用的印度地壳下推对其内部的大地震构成了额外的危险。