Psychophysiology can help elucidate the structure and developmental mechanisms of psychopathology, consistent with the Research Domain Criteria initiative. Cross-sectional research using categorical diagnoses indicates that P300 is an electrocortical endophenotype indexing genetic vulnerability to externalizing problems. However, current diagnostic systems' limitations impede a precise understanding of risk. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) overcomes these limitations by delineating reliable dimensions ranging in specificity from broad spectra to narrow syndromes. The current study used a HiTOP-aligned approach to clarify P300's associations with a higher-order externalizing factor versus syndrome-specific manifestations within externalizing and internalizing spectra during middle and late adolescence. Participants from the Minnesota Twin Family Study's Enrichment Sample contributed psychophysiological and clinical data at age 14 (N = 930) and follow-up clinical data at age 17 (N = 913). Blunted target P300 at age 14 was selectively associated with externalizing as manifested at age 17 at the superspectrum level (rather than specific externalizing syndromes). Unlike in prior work, target P300 amplitude was positively associated with age 17 depressive symptoms (once controlling for standard stimuli). No association was observed with lifetime symptoms of childhood externalizing or depression evident by age 14. The results indicate that blunted target P300 elucidates specific risk for the development of late-adolescent/young-adult expressions of general externalizing, over and above symptoms evident by middle adolescence. Additionally, the findings speak to the synergistic utility of studying HiTOP-aligned dimensions using multiple measurement modalities to build a more comprehensive understanding of the development of psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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澄清 p300 在精神病理学的经验结构中的地位，而不是发展。


心理生理学可以帮助阐明精神病理学的结构和发展机制，这与研究领域标准倡议一致。使用分类诊断的横断面研究表明，P300 是一种索引遗传易感性外化问题的皮层电内表型。然而，当前诊断系统的局限性阻碍了对风险的精确理解。精神病理学分层分类法 （HiTOP） 通过描绘从宽谱到窄综合征的可靠特异性维度来克服这些限制。目前的研究使用 HiTOP 对齐方法来阐明 P300 与青春期中后期外化和内化光谱中高阶外化因子与综合征特异性表现的关联。来自明尼苏达双胞胎家庭研究的富集样本的参与者在 14 岁时贡献了心理生理学和临床数据 （N = 930），并在 17 岁时提供了随访临床数据 （N = 913）。14 岁时钝化靶标 P300 选择性地与外化相关，如 17 岁时在超谱水平上表现出的那样（而不是特异性外化综合征）。与之前的工作不同，目标 P300 振幅与 17 岁的抑郁症状呈正相关（一旦控制了标准刺激）。未观察到与 14 岁时明显的儿童外化或抑郁的终生症状相关。结果表明，钝化目标 P300 阐明了青春期晚期/年轻成人一般外化表达发展的特定风险，超过了青春期中期明显的症状。 此外，这些发现说明了使用多种测量模式研究 HiTOP 对齐维度的协同效用，以建立对精神病理学发展的更全面理解。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。