Clinical heterogeneity is a significant factor to contend with when seeking to organize, understand, and treat psychopathology. In recent years, the field has prioritized efforts to minimize nonmeaningful heterogeneity and leverage meaningful heterogeneity to improve assessment and diagnostics, inform mechanistic understanding, and facilitate the development of novel treatments. Indeed, exciting developments such as the National Institute for Mental Health Research Domain Criteria and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology have provided powerful frameworks for facing clinical complexity. While these developments have spurred many advancements, the movement has yet to effectively harness the tremendous potential provided by the brain. Initial work incorporating brain data has focused on validating clinical observations with a biomarker rather than leveraging the brain to provide unique insight into meaningful clinical heterogeneity. To provide future guidance and examples of innovation in the area, we solicited articles from teams seeking to utilize brain research to manage clinical heterogeneity. The search resulted in a diverse illustration of how best to leverage brain data to greater mechanistic understanding and clinical utility. In this introduction, we consider this work and discuss strategies through which brain data can best be used to provide unique insight into clinical heterogeneity. As the science of psychopathology continues to grapple with the promise and costs inherent in utilizing this powerful and complex array of methodologies, it will be important to leverage unique insights from brain science. This special issue provides a useful guide for new and upcoming work and a catalyst for moving the field forward. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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管理精神病理学的临床异质性：大脑研究的观点。


临床异质性是寻求组织、理解和治疗精神病理学时需要应对的重要因素。近年来，该领域已优先考虑努力减少无意义的异质性，并利用有意义的异质性来改进评估和诊断，为机制理解提供信息，并促进新疗法的开发。事实上，令人兴奋的发展，如国家心理健康研究所研究领域标准和精神病理学分层分类法，为面对临床复杂性提供了强大的框架。虽然这些发展刺激了许多进步，但该运动尚未有效地利用大脑提供的巨大潜力。整合大脑数据的初步工作侧重于使用生物标志物验证临床观察，而不是利用大脑提供对有意义的临床异质性的独特见解。为了提供该领域未来的指导和创新示例，我们向寻求利用大脑研究来管理临床异质性的团队征集了文章。搜索结果显示了如何最好地利用大脑数据来更好地理解机制和临床效用。在这篇介绍中，我们考虑了这项工作并讨论了大脑数据可以最好地用于提供对临床异质性的独特见解的策略。随着精神病理学科学继续努力解决利用这种强大而复杂的方法所固有的承诺和成本，利用脑科学的独特见解将非常重要。本期特刊为新的和即将到来的工作提供了有用的指南，并推动了该领域向前发展。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。